A third person narrator is omniscient and omnipresent. Such narrator has knowledge of all times, people, places and events and this makes it possible to shift the plot from London to Khartoum, Sudan. Even then the narrator's knowledge is "limited" to the characters, that is, the narrator cannot describe things unknown to the focal character. Local dialect To keep it original, the author has used local dialect to avoid the story been confused with European literature. Use of local dialect also helps the reader to determine the physical setting of the story. The author has used certain local words among them tobe, zed Inshallah, ka 'ba and Qibla Humour Maidy is a humorous character. He gets lazy with prayers and says that it's because life in London is swift. He tells Samra not to cover her head with a tobe because he didn't want to be associated fanatics and backwardness: His culture. It's also humorous that when Maidy complains of studies being difficult for him his mother saddles him with a wife. Ironically this to' IronyIrony is a strange, funny or sad situation in which things happen in the opposite way to what you would expect. It is ironic that Maidy, who does so well in his secondary education certificate, goes to study abroad but complains of studies being hard on him on his first term. There is irony when Maid ' calls home to complain about studies and his mother instead marries him to Samra. One wonders whether marriage makes studies easy or complicates the state of the learner. It is therefore not a surprise that Maidy abandons obligatory prayers completely. It is ironic that Maidy expects Samra to show gratitude and appreciation for saving her "the backwardness" of Khartoum but instead she continues to be nostalgic about the same backwardness and eventually travels back home during the holiday. Maidy asks Samra to take a leave to Sudan so he can also take a break from her but soon after leaving, he feels hollow and empty. CHARACTER AND CHARACTERISATION This story like any other short story uses scarcity of characters and this has given the author the opportunity to explore the characters into details giving us their character traits. Each character plays a significant role that clearly can't be overlookedMaidy He is loving: He shows love and care to Samra. He shows her around and does everything possible to make her happy and comfortable in her new environment; London.


CHARACTER AND CHARACTERISATION This story like any other short story uses scarcity of characters and this has given the author the opportunity to explore the characters into details giving us their character traits. Each character plays a significant role that clearly can't be overlookedMaidy He is loving: He shows love and care to Samra. He shows her around and does everything possible to make her happy and comfortable in her new environment; London. He gives her his attention despite his busy schedule. He is supportive: He supports Samra to settle in her new environment. He buys her a mat to use during her obligatory prayers. He is alienatedDetached: He is detached from his culture. He blindly copies the western culture. He abandons the very fabric of his Culture that holds him together: the obligatory prayers. It is no Wonder that he views the practice of his people back in Khartoum, Sudan as 'backwardness ' e is abusive: He calls Samra stupid and sees her as retrogressive for observing her obligatory prayers. He is immoral: He sees it as an opportunity to bring other women in his matrimonial bed when Samra travels to Sudan for holiday. Majdy represents the elites who go overseas either to study or work there and fail to ever return to their countries: The plight of AfricaAfrica suffers from brain drain. Such are the people who appreciate more the western culture and abandon their own. According to Majdy, African culture is inferior to western culture. SAMRA She is religious: She observes her religious duties in a foreign country and even urges her husband to create time for prayers in her busy schedule. She is resilient: Unlike her husband who is changed by his surrounding, Samra remains as religious as she left Khartoum. She still observes her religious duties despite the fact that life in London is swift. She is naive: Amazed by the kind of development there is in London especially in the field of medicine, Samra is so much seduced by the color and flavor of medicine that she wishes to fall sick that she may use them. She is loving: As a typical African woman, Samra takes care of her husband and it is no wonder he feels hollow and incomplete when she goes back to Sudan for a holiday. She represents Africans who stick to their cultures and admonishes it so much that they actually value it even when in oversees. As a typical African woman, she adores and cherishes her husband. She represents African women who stand up for their marriages and families.


She represents Africans who stick to their cultures and admonishes it so much that they actually value it even when in oversees. As a typical African woman, she adores and cherishes her husband. She represents African women who stand up for their marriages and families. MAJDY'S MOTHER She is caring: She calls her son to check on her. She gets worried when she learns that her son thinks of dropping because studies have become hard and encourages him to work harder. She is generous: when her son does well in examinations back Khartoum, she throws up a party for him. She invites the villagers te come and celebrate with her. She is selfish: She only thinks of herself and not her son. When he announces that he will stay in London she only complains about her being left alone other than looking at the advantages her son will get. She is hopeful: She hopes that things will not remain dark in Sudan and speaks of a better future. She says, 'But what if things improve here, son? If they strike oil or make lasting peace. She represents citizens who endure hostility and poor standards of living in their African countries with the hope that 'things will improve ' As a mother, she shows love, care and good will to her son. She wishes the very best to him. ACTITIVITY I. Compare and contrast the character of Maidy and Samra 2. The university students were demonstrating. Do you think demonstrations can solve problems? Discuss. 3. Discuss irony as used in this story. 4. Discuss the theme of religion5. Maidy's determination to remain in London symbolizes running away from the culture of his people. Discuss. 12. NO NEED TO LIE BY Rolf Schmid Background Rolf Schmid's "No Need to Lie" is an extraordinary account of a remarkable life. The author describes his rough painful struggle With cancer in the both Kenya and Germany. He became a celebrated restaurateur and sportsman and after acquiring Kenyan citizenship, he represented his new home in judo, polo, Weightlifting and pistol shooting, excelling in all four of them. He also still got time to emulate his childhood idol, Ernest Heming w as a passionate big game hunter in the African bush. Tragedy through cancer which almost killed him, but sheer determination, and the hand of God saved him. After this ordeal, he ventured become a world champion power lifter in the masters over categories.


He also still got time to emulate his childhood idol, Ernest Heming w as a passionate big game hunter in the African bush. Tragedy through cancer which almost killed him, but sheer determination, and the hand of God saved him. After this ordeal, he ventured become a world champion power lifter in the masters over categories. For this and all his previous achievements in sports, he was bestowed with the Order of the Grand Warrior of Kenya by His Excellency President Daniel arap Moi. Rolf Schmid has surmounted many barriers in life but a diagnosis of throat cancer came as a terrible blow to the prominent chef. Summary of Incidents Rolf schmid narrates in biographic way his long painful struggle and fight with cancer. As he battled all those negative emotions, Rolf made a vow to himself that he would not let the disease take him down. After all, he was only 50 years old p 22 It was not an easy fight. The surgery, chemotherapy and medicine took a heavy toll on him. He had lost all appetite for food. However Rolf knew that if he did not put something into his tummy, his recover would be severely compromised. The terrible sores inside his mo made any contact with food a painful ordeal. To counter this, he resorted to inserting a long pipe into his gulle through which he poured in food in liquid form. But the battle with cancer was not the cue to take things easy watch life pass by. More than anything else, Rolf's battle with c sums up his character: A never-say-die attitude in the face seemingly insurmountable challen The well schemed masterpiece ends with Schmid landing back to Nairobi where he was accorded a hero's welcome, after having been treated at the Katharinen hospital in Germany. He rejoices together with his wife Asmahan and their children. He felt himself a victor and thathe was beginning a new life. Setting "No need to lie" is set in Kenya. Rolf Schmid had obtained a Kenyan citizenship after staying in Kenya and working as a leading chef in Nairobi. Places like Langata road in Kibera are mentioned in the short story where he could drive on his way to and from the job. P 1 31 After the treatments in the Nairobi hospital proved to be ineffective, Rolf was referred to Katharinen Krsnkenhaus hospital in Germany, where he went with Roland for further medication.


Rolf Schmid had obtained a Kenyan citizenship after staying in Kenya and working as a leading chef in Nairobi. Places like Langata road in Kibera are mentioned in the short story where he could drive on his way to and from the job. P 1 31 After the treatments in the Nairobi hospital proved to be ineffective, Rolf was referred to Katharinen Krsnkenhaus hospital in Germany, where he went with Roland for further medication. This makes the setting shift from Kenya to Germany, then back to Kenya, seeking medical attention for his cancerous condition. The events are taking place between late December and early January. His medication journey begun January 8, after his personal Doctor, Mrs. Van Enk's coming back from Mombasa, where he had gone for the Christmas celebration. It begins at the Caren Surgery. Pl 23 Themes a Struggle to survive One Of his greatest battles in life was cancer. At 50, he was diagnosed with throat cancer. A fighter with a black belt in judo and a Weightlifter, Schmidt vowed the disease would not put him down. He SUrvived having gone through surgery, chemotherapy and no appetite and COntinued to forge on with life, with gusto. 0. A Burdens of sickness There is nothing that burdens Rolf, than his encounter with the throat cancer. It came after he had decided to cut weight, so that at least he, could lead a better sportsmanship life. Little had he known that he would be sick and the weight would cut down itself automatically, until the day he met Mrs. Van Enk, his private Doctor. He was informed that his medical condition needed a lot of urgency, Dr Rupani agreed that he had to admit him and take a biopsy. After ' the test, it was affirmed that he was having cancer and not Aids. P. 1 25 the greatest problem that exposed him to more harm was that his condition was in an alarming third stage, which was second to the last stage. He realized at a very late stage that he was cancerous. The grotesque look of the people in the radiation ward made him scared more than before. After it he become malnourished, with his skin, sagging. As if this is not enough, he was still to undergo four more chemotherapies. He says that he endured four chemo sessions for the four Saturdays preceding.


After it he become malnourished, with his skin, sagging. As if this is not enough, he was still to undergo four more chemotherapies. He says that he endured four chemo sessions for the four Saturdays preceding. He lost half of his hair and most of his beard. In his last cancer chemo, he got sick, something that made him dismiss all the clinics, the diagnosis and prognosis. He therefore decided to go to Germany. He fought his tears back as he saw his wife Asmahan cry at the airport, as she was bidding him good bye. He had to undergo a series of treatments befor getting back to his normality. B Love and friendship Rolf Schmid is a man that makes the definition of the word friendship easier. He receives a lot of attention from his native wife and native doctors too, who are assisting in his critical condition Whatsoever. His greatest treasure was his children. His wishful prayer was that he was going to live and see his children grow up, play more polo, do more sculptures and be With Asmahan, His sickness really affected her wife a lot. She is seen weeping, full of tears; she tells him that God is going to be with him. That he has to remember to chant a prayer daily p 132 His children and Asmahan were there ready to receive him after his treatments. They rejoiced together. He was indeed thankful in the way he appreciated the staff at the Germany hospital. He feels troubled, that he did not get time to appreciate Roland, who had taken a lot of core during his sickness time, for he died a year later, of a tragic occident, before their meeting again p 1 35 Techniques and Language Use a Point of viewThis short story is written in the first person narrative voice. The "l" narrator is therefore the protagonist in the story and he narrates the events as he experienced them. This kind of narrative voice makes the events look very immediate to the readers. It enhances aesthetic distance, that degree of separateness between an author and the events they present in the story. The first person narrator also helps create rapport with the readers through the informal use of humour, despite the depressing situation presented at hand. B Dialogue This is a verbal exchange between characters. Dialogue is used to develop characters and themes in the "No Need to lie". Quite a number of dialogues throughout the text.


It's a coastal, cliff-side town, a desert like cape with no flowers, and so little land that the inhabitants have to throw their dead over the cliffs and into the sec rather than bury them in the ground. The inhabitants are a simple group of people, who believe in myths as strongly as what they see with their eyes. It's such a small village, that the all the men combined fit into seven boats, and there are only about twenty houses Summary of incidents Handsomest Drowned Man in the world" opens with a group of children playing on the beach of a small fishing village. In the waves a dark and slinky bulge is approaching. It turns out to be a drowned man, covered in seaweed, stones, and Dead Sea creatures. P 1 38 .This drowned man has a huge impact on the village, which is changed forever by his arrival. The men head to neighboring villages to see if the dead man belongs to one of them, while the women clean off the body and prepare it for a funeral. They will make their houses bigger and stronger and better, and dig for springs in their courtyards, and paint their houses bright colors to make Esteban's memory eternal, and plant flowers on their cliffs so that years from now, sailors going by will see the colors and smell the scents and know that there, on those cliffs, is Esteban's village. SettingMrquez never specifies the time or place of his story, but the action takes place somewhere in Latin America. We know that we're dealing with an isolated village, with no real modern technology, livelihood. That its relies on fishing for The scenery changes from start to end. At the story's beginning, the village is simply a desert like cape with no flowers. Later we're told that it's arid and windless. This is a dry, ordinary, boring place to live. It's so ordinary, in fact, that the drowned man, a truly extraordinary guy' has no place in it. Esteban is incompatible with the village as it first exists. And so with his arrival, Esteban transforms the village into place as extraordinary as he is. Themes "The Handsomest Drowned Man in the World" explores the which human beings overcome personal isolation through collective community. In this story, common beliefs in the fantastic bring together the members of a small fishing village. The men, women, and children of this community are united by their common desire for selfimprovement.


His arrival is like a splash of color against their grey landscape. If the village is dry and colorless, the drowned man brings with him the possibility of lively springs and bright flowers. And sure enough, this possibility is soon realized. As the women prepare for the drowned man's funeral, they go to get flowers from neighboring villages. They return with other women who could not believe what they had been told, and those women wer back for more flowers when they saw the dead man, and they brought more and more until there were so many flowers and so many people that it was hard to walk about They were going to paint their house fronts gay colors to make Esteban's memory eternal and they were going to break their backs digging for springs among the stones and planting flowers on the cliffs so that in future years at dawn the passengers on great liners would awaken, suffocated by the smell of gardens the high seas. This is a far cry from the desert like cape we first met at the beginning of the story. ThirdPerson Limited Omniscient might be tempting to label this story is told from an omniscient point of view. After all, the narrative gets into the heads of many different villagers at many different times. But realize that all the information get is from the perspective of the villagers we are limited to their we know what they know, and only what they know. At first, the children playing think the drowned man is a ship, and then a whale. We don't know he's a man until they realize he's a man. The villagers never know where the drowned man came from, so neither does we. They think he is called Esteban, so for the purposes of the story, he is Esteban. L. Allusion This is a style in writing which the writer refers to a statement or quotations of incidents to clarify a point Biblical allusion: When the men came with the news that the drowned man was not from the neighboring village, the women, with iubilation, chanted in the midst of their tears, "praise the lord, " they sighed "he's ours" this makes us to comprehend their social set up under the religious perspective.


They think he is called Esteban, so for the purposes of the story, he is Esteban. L. Allusion This is a style in writing which the writer refers to a statement or quotations of incidents to clarify a point Biblical allusion: When the men came with the news that the drowned man was not from the neighboring village, the women, with iubilation, chanted in the midst of their tears, "praise the lord, " they sighed "he's ours" this makes us to comprehend their social set up under the religious perspective. Historical allusion:The Story alludes to Homer's Odyssey mentions the Sirens "Some sailors who heard the weeping from a distance went off course, and People heard of one who had himself tied to the mainmast, remembering ancient fables about sirens" Refers to the crying during Esteban's funeral and the crying is like the ring songs of the sirens. Esteban is a "myth" Characterization a The Drowned Man Esteban Although he is a stranger-and a dead stranger at that steb plays a central role in the villagers' lives. He does not speak, yethis j face and his body speaks for him, telling the villagers how sorry he is to be such a bother, large and cumbersome as he is. They intuit that he is ostentatious, stoic, dignified, kind and considerate, yet authoritative enough to command the fish to jump into his boat when he is fishing. The women of the village find him "speaking" to them in other ways, making them compare their husbands to his splendid size and handsome features. They are certain that he would be have been embarrassed of his huge size and the inconvenience it caused those around him, and even now, the hassle it's causing the villagers in trying to bury his huge body. The drowned man is given an honorary family and a beautiful funereal ceremony. A The Women The women respond to Esteban with care, then admiration, then longing, and finally, ownership. We know more about the women of the village than we do about the men, simply because we spend more time in their perspective. Much of the characterization of the drowned man comes from the women. That is, it isn't the drowned man being characterized as much the women's idea of the drowned man that is described. They are the ones who see his physical prowess and then imagine his character.


'The Yard discovered that Tim called a poacher in Kenya shortly before Tim came to Uganda, but they couldn't prove that the poacher provided Tim with the dart gun ' p 1 62 However, their greed doesn't succeed. ". The publicity hurt the Paulsons charity so much that it ceased all activities two years after Winnie's death. They now live a quite life in their mansion. They are volunteer teachers at a local school. I don't work for them anymore " p 1 62 Winnie's lawyers fought to prevent Tim, Peter and Chelsea from inheriting her money and Gala, but after the trail, there was no reason why they couldn't. 2 HypocrisyThis is a pretense of holding beliefs, feelings, or opinions that one does not actually possess. When one applies criticism to others, or actually the moral self contradiction in that case whereby you plan good things with your 'in-quotes' friends leads to hypocrisy. Innie is living with friends who in deed are foes and at the end of the day decides to kill her. As illustrated below: "Peter, " Winnie hissed, "when I die the police will question you first. You won't mention that we quarrel every day, will you? You won't mention that we quarrel every time we go to bed, so I better publicize it P. I 52 This illustration now clearly indicates that peter is cheating on Winnie, with Chelsea "Shut up!". Peter shot out of his chair, banging tis fist on the table at the same time. He upset a glass You won t shut me up! You are cheating on me with Chelsea!" ". Oh Winnie!". Chelsea said "Don't you Oh Winnie me!". P.l 52 Techniques and language use a Narrative voice First person narrative voice is a narration that has been told from the perceptive of a first person narrator. The T narrator is therefore the protagonist in the story and he narrates the events as he experienced them. This kind of narration makes the events to be quite immediate to the reader and hence, it becomes engaging to read. Dilman Dila also uses present tense intertwined with the usual past tense in this story about events that happened in the past. It is as if he is giving commentary on the event. A rapport therefore between the narrator, Simon, and the reader is created.


LDiscuss the traits of Ali Mahfouz as brought out in this story ALMOST HOME by Barry McKinley. Ali Mahfouz is the main character in the short story "Almost Home". He faces an imminent deportation from Ireland. He exhibits a lot of traits as he attempts to fight back against the deportation. The writer paints Ali as deceitful. He tells people that he is a medical student and even puts a picture on face book that shows him at the surgeons' college with college books yet the books are only telephone directories. He only does menial jobs in Ireland for survival but he has not gone to study medicine. In addition he walks with little white buds in his ears as if he is listening to music from the iPod yet he doesn't even know how to load the gadget with music. Ali is Hardworking as he does all kinds of jobs in Ireland to cater his upkeep. For instance he slices kebab meat; while working for tw Egyptian brothers, also he power-washes cars, scrubs pots and wipes tables. When he just arrives in Ireland, Ali makes many friends. He is quite charming and sociable. He Makes Slattery to laugh all the time despite being in a serious situation this brings Ali is Stubborn, He has been warned by Tarrant not to cause any problem while they travel yet he attempts to escape twice. Furthermore, the government has tried to deport him twice, where every time he is disruptive on the plane threatening of blowing up the plane with a bomb in his possession. Despite all these he still lives in Ireland. With all the attempts to be deported from Ireland, Ali tries all means to prevent it from happening- He threatens to blow up the plane twice; he attempts to escape from Slattery and Tarrant inFrance and Spain. As a last resort he decides to drown himself in sea provided it is a way to escape from being deported. This brings out his determined nature. Ali Observes keenly enough to note that Slattery has good French. Ali also notes that Slattery has no wedding band despite him being in midthirties and handsome. Ali loses hope with life in his country, he is disillusioned, and this is what makes him to opt and go to Ireland and seek a better life. Because of poverty, his family is cramped together in the apartment' Ali imagines of life in prison, lack of food, clothing and having to pay bribes. This shame and fear causes him to jump into the sea.


Ali loses hope with life in his country, he is disillusioned, and this is what makes him to opt and go to Ireland and seek a better life. Because of poverty, his family is cramped together in the apartment' Ali imagines of life in prison, lack of food, clothing and having to pay bribes. This shame and fear causes him to jump into the sea. Ali manages to stay in Ireland as an illegal migrant due to his deceitful nature, and he determinedly avoids being deported 3. THE UMBRELLA MAN by Siddhartha Giaoo Discuss the stylistic devices employed in the above story and give their effectiveness. Siddhartha Gigoo has used language distinctively in order to pass across his message. More so he has employed various styles to necessitate character development and flow of the plot. This story is told from a third person point of view, where the narrator gives us the story from what he observes. The narrator gives us what number seven does and what other inmates do in the story. This facilitates the development of the story. The writer has used vivid description extensively to bring out the picture of the confinement of the inmates in the asylum, the place with limited freedom. The area in the asylum that is allowed for movement is described as "... The wall around the one hundred and twenty-square-meter compound ninety something yards in the narrow avenue outside the gates that ended at another wall. Beyond that brick-and stone wall was a vast darkness " The umbrella possessed by Number 7 is described as a yellow-andred striped, beautiful Umbrella. It was the most beautiful thing in the entire asylum, more beautiful than the bed of wild flowers along the wall. Dialogue has also been used. Number 7 converses with the barber about rain which shows Number 7's fascination with rain. There is dialogue between doctors and Number 7. This conversation reveals change in the state of Number 7's health such that he is free to go. He has been obedient and shown a calm disposition to facilitate his release from the asylum. The dialogue between Number 7 and his friend the puny little fellow reveals Number 7's anticipation for freedom and the little puny fellow's fear of destruction that can be brought about by rain. I 4. Discuss the major issues highlighted by the writer in the story WINDOW SEAT by Benjamin Branoff. Every writer sets out to pass a certain massage or communicate a particular issue to the audience through their work of art.


I 4. Discuss the major issues highlighted by the writer in the story WINDOW SEAT by Benjamin Branoff. Every writer sets out to pass a certain massage or communicate a particular issue to the audience through their work of art. This is the main reason why stories are written. Benjamin Branoff highlights a few concepts in the story "Window Seaf 'To start with, the author addresses the issue of lawlessness on our roads. Vehicles should always follow traffic laws on the roads for safety. In this story however, law and order is not followed as it should be. For instance, the public transport vehicles are so much overloaded. Passengers are literally packed. Conductors carry excess passengers as the narrator says a mini-van meant to carry ten passengers now carries twenty four of them. It even becomes worse when it comes to rush hour where they carry twenty eight with others standing. The drivers also bribe the traffic policemen in order to get away with this crime. Even when things seem to be okay with the vehicle the policemen solicit for bribes to an extent of removing the car keys from the ignition. The bribe here is a very powerful voice that the police use to silence the adamant drivers. The passengers suffer on these roads. The narrator says that one learns no to commit to a long road because of discomfort. However, they don't seem to care or they are used to it. They even smack their lips loudly when the policemen take bribes but they don't take any step. It is even because of overloading that makes it easy for Kanga to rob the narrator. PhotosetterBot: Poverty is also portrayed in this story. The people at the bus stop ar said to be in sandals and others are barefoot. This means that cannot afford better shoes. The passengers could be suffering in silence in the overloaded daladala because of poverty. This is because they pay less money for fare. The narrator describes Kanga that shehaso trim figure probably caused by a lifetime of hard work and deprivation of luxuries. This shows that she cannot afford luxuries. We also think that what made her to steal from the narrator is poverty. The aggressiveness of touts in town is also a sign of poverty. This iso society where one must struggle to make ends meet. That's why they scream and shout and also convince people to take their daladala.


The aggressiveness of touts in town is also a sign of poverty. This iso society where one must struggle to make ends meet. That's why they scream and shout and also convince people to take their daladala. Corruption is also evident in this story especially on the roads where the policemen who were supposed to guarantee safety on the roads take bribes and also collude with drivers in order to escape facing the law. The corrupt police officers seem to have taken bribes as their rights because even if the vehicle has everything right they force the drivers' submission by taking the keys from ignition. The word Mzungu means a white man. The Africans call them this to mean he is from the white race. The Africans see this man, the narrator as more superior than them and use even a spectacle that he is using public transport. When the guard greets him at the city Chuo everybody turns to see him. Africans perceive the white men as rich and wealthy that's why Kanga robs him in the vehicle. The narrator chooses to date Monique a French girl because sheisfre their race. He says, 'I should be with the French girl La fille becau French women absolutely like American men 'Major issues that can be related to our day to day lives are highlighted in the story. Such issues such as corruption, poverty and lawlessness on our roads need to be dealt with for better life.


AGRICULTURE I SECTION A. 1.State two uses of a rotavator.1mk 89238352.List two methods of controlling coffee berry disease1mk 89238353.Identify four sources of agricultural information2mks 89238354.State two ways of controlling Rinderpest disease1mk 89238355.Mention four signs of infertility in cows2mks 89238356.How is cannibalism controlled in poultry2mks 89238357.List four maintenance of ox-cart2mks 89238358.Mention four common fodder crops grown in Kenya2mks 89238359.Name two diseases that attack cassava in the field1mk 89238360.Identify six physical measures of pest control in crops3mks 89238361.Differentiate between grass strips and trash lines1mk 89238362.Name two categories of land tenure1mk 89238363.Give four reasons why rabbits should be fed on balanced feeds2mks 89238364.List four causes of poor quality concrete2mks 89238365.Mention four reasons for maintaining farm buildings2mks 89238366.Identify four ways of reducing the problem of ewes disowning their lambs 2mks 89238367.State four advantages of using certified seeds from Kenya seed company 2mks 89238368.State two symptoms of damping off disease in cabbages 1mk 89238369.Name two methods of harvesting rice1mk 89238370.Mention two ways of classifying pests in crop production1mk 89238371.Name the dual purpose sheep1mk 89238372.Name the young of a donkey1mk 89238373.Name two primary hosts for liver flukes1mk 89238374.State one use of a tag applicator1mk 1SECTION B.


AGRICULTURE I SECTION A. 1.State two uses of a rotavator.1mk 89238352.List two methods of controlling coffee berry disease1mk 89238353.Identify four sources of agricultural information2mks 89238354.State two ways of controlling Rinderpest disease1mk 89238355.Mention four signs of infertility in cows2mks 89238356.How is cannibalism controlled in poultry2mks 89238357.List four maintenance of ox-cart2mks 89238358.Mention four common fodder crops grown in Kenya2mks 89238359.Name two diseases that attack cassava in the field1mk 89238360.Identify six physical measures of pest control in crops3mks 89238361.Differentiate between grass strips and trash lines1mk 89238362.Name two categories of land tenure1mk 89238363.Give four reasons why rabbits should be fed on balanced feeds2mks 89238364.List four causes of poor quality concrete2mks 89238365.Mention four reasons for maintaining farm buildings2mks 89238366.Identify four ways of reducing the problem of ewes disowning their lambs 2mks 89238367.State four advantages of using certified seeds from Kenya seed company 2mks 89238368.State two symptoms of damping off disease in cabbages 1mk 89238369.Name two methods of harvesting rice1mk 89238370.Mention two ways of classifying pests in crop production1mk 89238371.Name the dual purpose sheep1mk 89238372.Name the young of a donkey1mk 89238373.Name two primary hosts for liver flukes1mk 89238374.State one use of a tag applicator1mk 1SECTION B. 25. A. State four effects of excess Nitrogen in crops4mks b. List six roles of organic matter in the soil6mks c. Mention three characteristics of phosphatic fertilisers3mks 26. A. State three ways of collecting semen from bulls for artificial insemination 3mks b. List six ways of carrying out pregnancy diagnosis in cows 6mks c. Give four reasons for conserving pastures4mks 27. A. Name three tomatoes for fresh market3mks b. State five reasons for pruning in crops5mks c. i. Mention four factors to be considered when siting grain storage structures 4mks ii. Differentiate between seed rate and plant population 2 mks SECTION C.


AGRICULTURE I SECTION A. 1.State two uses of a rotavator.1mk 89238352.List two methods of controlling coffee berry disease1mk 89238353.Identify four sources of agricultural information2mks 89238354.State two ways of controlling Rinderpest disease1mk 89238355.Mention four signs of infertility in cows2mks 89238356.How is cannibalism controlled in poultry2mks 89238357.List four maintenance of ox-cart2mks 89238358.Mention four common fodder crops grown in Kenya2mks 89238359.Name two diseases that attack cassava in the field1mk 89238360.Identify six physical measures of pest control in crops3mks 89238361.Differentiate between grass strips and trash lines1mk 89238362.Name two categories of land tenure1mk 89238363.Give four reasons why rabbits should be fed on balanced feeds2mks 89238364.List four causes of poor quality concrete2mks 89238365.Mention four reasons for maintaining farm buildings2mks 89238366.Identify four ways of reducing the problem of ewes disowning their lambs 2mks 89238367.State four advantages of using certified seeds from Kenya seed company 2mks 89238368.State two symptoms of damping off disease in cabbages 1mk 89238369.Name two methods of harvesting rice1mk 89238370.Mention two ways of classifying pests in crop production1mk 89238371.Name the dual purpose sheep1mk 89238372.Name the young of a donkey1mk 89238373.Name two primary hosts for liver flukes1mk 89238374.State one use of a tag applicator1mk 1SECTION B. 25. A. State four effects of excess Nitrogen in crops4mks b. List six roles of organic matter in the soil6mks c. Mention three characteristics of phosphatic fertilisers3mks 26. A. State three ways of collecting semen from bulls for artificial insemination 3mks b. List six ways of carrying out pregnancy diagnosis in cows 6mks c. Give four reasons for conserving pastures4mks 27. A. Name three tomatoes for fresh market3mks b. State five reasons for pruning in crops5mks c. i. Mention four factors to be considered when siting grain storage structures 4mks ii. Differentiate between seed rate and plant population 2 mks SECTION C. 28. Explain field production of sweet potatoes from field preparation upto harvesting. 20mks.


1.State two uses of a rotavator.1mk 89238352.List two methods of controlling coffee berry disease1mk 89238353.Identify four sources of agricultural information2mks 89238354.State two ways of controlling Rinderpest disease1mk 89238355.Mention four signs of infertility in cows2mks 89238356.How is cannibalism controlled in poultry2mks 89238357.List four maintenance of ox-cart2mks 89238358.Mention four common fodder crops grown in Kenya2mks 89238359.Name two diseases that attack cassava in the field1mk 89238360.Identify six physical measures of pest control in crops3mks 89238361.Differentiate between grass strips and trash lines1mk 89238362.Name two categories of land tenure1mk 89238363.Give four reasons why rabbits should be fed on balanced feeds2mks 89238364.List four causes of poor quality concrete2mks 89238365.Mention four reasons for maintaining farm buildings2mks 89238366.Identify four ways of reducing the problem of ewes disowning their lambs 2mks 89238367.State four advantages of using certified seeds from Kenya seed company 2mks 89238368.State two symptoms of damping off disease in cabbages 1mk 89238369.Name two methods of harvesting rice1mk 89238370.Mention two ways of classifying pests in crop production1mk 89238371.Name the dual purpose sheep1mk 89238372.Name the young of a donkey1mk 89238373.Name two primary hosts for liver flukes1mk 89238374.State one use of a tag applicator1mk 1SECTION B. 25. A. State four effects of excess Nitrogen in crops4mks b. List six roles of organic matter in the soil6mks c. Mention three characteristics of phosphatic fertilisers3mks 26. A. State three ways of collecting semen from bulls for artificial insemination 3mks b. List six ways of carrying out pregnancy diagnosis in cows 6mks c. Give four reasons for conserving pastures4mks 27. A. Name three tomatoes for fresh market3mks b. State five reasons for pruning in crops5mks c. i. Mention four factors to be considered when siting grain storage structures 4mks ii. Differentiate between seed rate and plant population 2 mks SECTION C. 28. Explain field production of sweet potatoes from field preparation upto harvesting. 20mks. 29. A. Explain management practices that ensure maximum production of eggs in poultry 12mks b. Explain management practices a beef farmer would carry out to minimise effects of low rainfall8 mks 30. A. Mention five characteristics of pyrethrums5mks b. Explain environmental factors that affect effectiveness of agro-chemicals in crop production.5mks c. i. Differentiate between land consolidation and land fragmentation and settlement. 3mks.


25. A. State four effects of excess Nitrogen in crops4mks b. List six roles of organic matter in the soil6mks c. Mention three characteristics of phosphatic fertilisers3mks 26. A. State three ways of collecting semen from bulls for artificial insemination 3mks b. List six ways of carrying out pregnancy diagnosis in cows 6mks c. Give four reasons for conserving pastures4mks 27. A. Name three tomatoes for fresh market3mks b. State five reasons for pruning in crops5mks c. i. Mention four factors to be considered when siting grain storage structures 4mks ii. Differentiate between seed rate and plant population 2 mks SECTION C. 28. Explain field production of sweet potatoes from field preparation upto harvesting. 20mks. 29. A. Explain management practices that ensure maximum production of eggs in poultry 12mks b. Explain management practices a beef farmer would carry out to minimise effects of low rainfall8 mks 30. A. Mention five characteristics of pyrethrums5mks b. Explain environmental factors that affect effectiveness of agro-chemicals in crop production.5mks c. i. Differentiate between land consolidation and land fragmentation and settlement. 3mks. Ii. Explain objectives of land reforms.7mks.


28. Explain field production of sweet potatoes from field preparation upto harvesting. 20mks. 29. A. Explain management practices that ensure maximum production of eggs in poultry 12mks b. Explain management practices a beef farmer would carry out to minimise effects of low rainfall8 mks 30. A. Mention five characteristics of pyrethrums5mks b. Explain environmental factors that affect effectiveness of agro-chemicals in crop production.5mks c. i. Differentiate between land consolidation and land fragmentation and settlement. 3mks. Ii. Explain objectives of land reforms.7mks. AGRICULTURE I MARKING SCHEME. SECTION A. 1.Uses of a rotavator Refining seed bed secondary tillage Cultivation in clay soil weeding in waterlogged soils. 2 x 1 mark. 2.Control of C.B.D.


1.Uses of a rotavator Refining seed bed secondary tillage Cultivation in clay soil weeding in waterlogged soils. 2 x 1 mark. 2.Control of C.B.D. Open pruning Plant resistant varieties e.g Ruiru II Regular spraying with appropriate fungicides copper fungicides captafol 2 x 1 mark. 3.Sources of agri information. Agricultural research stations Neighbouring farms Agricultural field days Agricultural shows Mass media eg. T.V, Radios Agriculture extension officers Farmers training centres Agricultural training and education institution 2Chiefs baraza. 4 x 2 marks. 4.Control of Rinderpest. Regular Vaccination Separate sick and healthy ones Imposing quarantine Kill affected animals and proper disposal Notify authorities of an outbreak. 2 x 1 mark. 5.Signs of infertility. A cow does not show heat signs Abnormal discharge from vulva Prolonged heat period Irregular heat intervals too short or too long heat intervals. 4 x 2 marks. 6.Control of cannibalism.


A cow does not show heat signs Abnormal discharge from vulva Prolonged heat period Irregular heat intervals too short or too long heat intervals. 4 x 2 marks. 6.Control of cannibalism. Avoid bright light in brooder Keep birds busy hang green leaves Give balanced feeds Control external parasites fleas Debeak hens which peck others Keep birds according to age-groups Avoid overcrowding of birds provide enough space to the birds. 4 x 2 marks. 7.Maintenance of Ox-cart. Lubricate moving parts regularly Check tyre pressure and adjust accordingly Clean it after use Repair replace any worn out broken parts eg. Yoke Proper storage in a shed.4 x 2 marks. 8.Common fodder crops Napier grass elephant grass Guatemala grass Edible land Kales Manigolds Lucerne alfafa Sorgum4 x 2 marks. 9.Cassava diseases. Cassava mosaic Brown streak Bacterial bright.2 x 1 mark. 10. Physical measures of pest control.


Cassava mosaic Brown streak Bacterial bright.2 x 1 mark. 10. Physical measures of pest control. Use of lethal temperature 3Drying the grains Irrigation flooding the field Suffocation use of airtight stores Physical destruction trapping picking and killing Use of electromagnetic radiation. 6 x 3 marks. 11. Grass strips uncultivated strips of grass left between cultivated strips to control soil erosion while trash lines are heaps of cup residues placed along contours in the cup field to reduce soil erosion. 1 x 2 2mks mark as a whole 12. Categories of land tenure. Collective land tenure Communal land tenure.2mks 13. Reasons for balanced feeding. For faster and quick growth For earlier maturity For good quality products For increased resistance against diseases For increased feed conversion 4 x 2 marks. 14. Causes of poor quality concrete. Less water to harden it used.


14. Causes of poor quality concrete. Less water to harden it used. Too much sand too little cement ratio of sand to cement mixture not appropriate. Premature drying of concrete. Size of individual aggregates coarse sand. X 2 marks. 15. Reasons for maintaining farm structures. To last longer for durability For easy cleaning For proper ventilation to avoid dampness too much heat To reduce maintenance cost To be more efficient in use To be more secured for security. X 2 marks. 16. Reducing disowning of lambs. Ensure the ewes recognises its lamb soon after lambing. Proper steaming of ewe before lambing. Use of lambing pens Mastitis control dry ewe therapy Blind folding of ewes to activate maternal instinct. X 2 marks. 17. Advantages of certifield seeds.


X 2 marks. 17. Advantages of certifield seeds. Free from pests and diseases and weeds Viable uniform germination Vigorous growth faster maturity High yields High quality product True to type not contaminated with other seeds Reduces cost of treatment treated with chemical. X 2 marks. 418. Symptoms of damping off Falling of seedlings withering and death of seedlings Cobweb like black mass of fungi making a ring on the stem base. X 1 mark. 19. Methods of harvesting rice. Use of sickles Use of combine harvesters. X 1 mark. 20. Classification of pests. According to where they are found or attack the crop produce Nature of damage caused Nature of mouthparts Part of the plant damaged x 1 mark. 21. Dual purpose sheep. Dorper Harmpshire doam Dorset horn x 1 mark. 22. Young of donkey - foal 1 x 1 1mark 23. Primary hosts for liverflukes. Cattle Sheep Goats 1 x 1 mark.


Uproot weeds by hands after crop establishment after 2 months in the field. Control moles by trapping, also porcupines and squirrels Spray with appropriate pesticide endusulfan fenithism to control sweet potato weevils Control mites using appropriate chemicals to control spread of sweet potato virus B disease. 1 x 6 6mks. Iv. Harvesting They are ready for harvesting 4 5 months after planting Large root tubers cause the ground to crack indicating readiness Harvesting for food is done piecemeal using a sharpened stick or forked jembes. Complete harvesting is done when the root-tubers are to be marketed. 1x 3 3mks. 29. A. Maximum production of eggs. 7Provide enough space avoid overcrowding Proper feeding on layers mash ensure balanced feeding Provide sand grit to aid digestion Provide clean rest boxes clean shelters observe hygiene Provide enough laying boxes Vaccinate against diseases new castle fowl typhoid.


Act as nerve poisons Have repellant effect Have limited persistance Are safer to the user Have a rapid knock down effect. 1 x 5 5mks. B.Environmental influence on agro-chemicals. Wind men blow the chemical away from intended crops Rain may dilute or wash away the chemicals Soils some may absorb and retain more chemicals than others. Light may decompose some chemicals. Temperature increases translocation and hence absorption of chemicals. 5mks. C. i. Land consolidation is putting together under one holding different 8Land fragmentation is a situation where an individual farmer owns many separate pieces of land scattered over a wide area. Settlement refers to occupation of land which was previously uninhabited mark as a whole 1 x 3 3mks. Ii. Objectives of land reforms To increase agricultural output through properland use To orientates agricultural production to meet market demands.


C. i. Land consolidation is putting together under one holding different 8Land fragmentation is a situation where an individual farmer owns many separate pieces of land scattered over a wide area. Settlement refers to occupation of land which was previously uninhabited mark as a whole 1 x 3 3mks. Ii. Objectives of land reforms To increase agricultural output through properland use To orientates agricultural production to meet market demands. To enhance efficient utilisation of land To put idle land to use To encourage commercial instead of subsistence production. To encourage conservation and improvement of land and its resources To settle the landless and ease population density pressure in some areas. To create self employment. 1 x 7 7mks. AGRICULUTURE II SECTION A .


To create self employment. 1 x 7 7mks. AGRICULUTURE II SECTION A . 1.What benefit do pastoralist farmers attain from camels? 1 mark 2. I State FOUR factors influencing soil formation 4 marks ii State the importance of the colour of a soil in soil forming process 2 marks 3.State FOUR methods that can be used to raise production in a group of sows 2 marks 4.State FOUR advantages of free-range system in poultry production 2 marks 5.Give FOUR differences between indigenous and exotic cattle 2 marks 6.State TWO advantages of rolling in land preparation 1 mark 7.Apart from bacteria and fungi name TWO other causes of diseases in crops 1 mark 8. I Name the primary host of tapeworm 1 mark ii List TWO internal parasites that attack sheep. 1 mark 9. I State TWO ways of controlling Nematodes 1 mark ii Give TWO pests that are disease vectors in crops 1 mark 10.Mention FOUR farm structures which may be found in a mixed farm. 2 marks 11.


1 x 7 7mks. AGRICULUTURE II SECTION A . 1.What benefit do pastoralist farmers attain from camels? 1 mark 2. I State FOUR factors influencing soil formation 4 marks ii State the importance of the colour of a soil in soil forming process 2 marks 3.State FOUR methods that can be used to raise production in a group of sows 2 marks 4.State FOUR advantages of free-range system in poultry production 2 marks 5.Give FOUR differences between indigenous and exotic cattle 2 marks 6.State TWO advantages of rolling in land preparation 1 mark 7.Apart from bacteria and fungi name TWO other causes of diseases in crops 1 mark 8. I Name the primary host of tapeworm 1 mark ii List TWO internal parasites that attack sheep. 1 mark 9. I State TWO ways of controlling Nematodes 1 mark ii Give TWO pests that are disease vectors in crops 1 mark 10.Mention FOUR farm structures which may be found in a mixed farm. 2 marks 11. What FOUR factors would one consider when choosing feedstuffs for preparing a livestock ration?


AGRICULUTURE II SECTION A . 1.What benefit do pastoralist farmers attain from camels? 1 mark 2. I State FOUR factors influencing soil formation 4 marks ii State the importance of the colour of a soil in soil forming process 2 marks 3.State FOUR methods that can be used to raise production in a group of sows 2 marks 4.State FOUR advantages of free-range system in poultry production 2 marks 5.Give FOUR differences between indigenous and exotic cattle 2 marks 6.State TWO advantages of rolling in land preparation 1 mark 7.Apart from bacteria and fungi name TWO other causes of diseases in crops 1 mark 8. I Name the primary host of tapeworm 1 mark ii List TWO internal parasites that attack sheep. 1 mark 9. I State TWO ways of controlling Nematodes 1 mark ii Give TWO pests that are disease vectors in crops 1 mark 10.Mention FOUR farm structures which may be found in a mixed farm. 2 marks 11. What FOUR factors would one consider when choosing feedstuffs for preparing a livestock ration? 2 marks 12.Why is it not necessary to have grass pasture as a livestock feed in pig production?


1.What benefit do pastoralist farmers attain from camels? 1 mark 2. I State FOUR factors influencing soil formation 4 marks ii State the importance of the colour of a soil in soil forming process 2 marks 3.State FOUR methods that can be used to raise production in a group of sows 2 marks 4.State FOUR advantages of free-range system in poultry production 2 marks 5.Give FOUR differences between indigenous and exotic cattle 2 marks 6.State TWO advantages of rolling in land preparation 1 mark 7.Apart from bacteria and fungi name TWO other causes of diseases in crops 1 mark 8. I Name the primary host of tapeworm 1 mark ii List TWO internal parasites that attack sheep. 1 mark 9. I State TWO ways of controlling Nematodes 1 mark ii Give TWO pests that are disease vectors in crops 1 mark 10.Mention FOUR farm structures which may be found in a mixed farm. 2 marks 11. What FOUR factors would one consider when choosing feedstuffs for preparing a livestock ration? 2 marks 12.Why is it not necessary to have grass pasture as a livestock feed in pig production? 1 mark 13.State FOUR stages of curing hides and skins. 2 marks 14.State the role of Isthmus in the reproductive system of a layer 1 mark 15. I Name the crop usually attacked by the Zebra disease. Mark ii What is decortication? 1 mark 16.State THREE importance of lime in crop production. 11 2 marks 16.


What FOUR factors would one consider when choosing feedstuffs for preparing a livestock ration? 2 marks 12.Why is it not necessary to have grass pasture as a livestock feed in pig production? 1 mark 13.State FOUR stages of curing hides and skins. 2 marks 14.State the role of Isthmus in the reproductive system of a layer 1 mark 15. I Name the crop usually attacked by the Zebra disease. Mark ii What is decortication? 1 mark 16.State THREE importance of lime in crop production. 11 2 marks 16. Name TWO characteristics that make Katumani maize variety recommended for marginal areas. 1 mark 18.State FOUR ways of preventing swarming in bees. 2 marks 19.State FOUR factors that contribute to the competitive ability of weeds over cultivated crops. 2 marks 20.Mention any FOUR factors that affect the quality of hay. 2 marks 21.How can a farmer improve soil PH in his farm?


2 marks 12.Why is it not necessary to have grass pasture as a livestock feed in pig production? 1 mark 13.State FOUR stages of curing hides and skins. 2 marks 14.State the role of Isthmus in the reproductive system of a layer 1 mark 15. I Name the crop usually attacked by the Zebra disease. Mark ii What is decortication? 1 mark 16.State THREE importance of lime in crop production. 11 2 marks 16. Name TWO characteristics that make Katumani maize variety recommended for marginal areas. 1 mark 18.State FOUR ways of preventing swarming in bees. 2 marks 19.State FOUR factors that contribute to the competitive ability of weeds over cultivated crops. 2 marks 20.Mention any FOUR factors that affect the quality of hay. 2 marks 21.How can a farmer improve soil PH in his farm? 1 mark 22.State ONE reason for foot trimming in livestock. 1 mark 23.State FOUR characteristics of a good wood preservative. 2 marks 9SECTION B 24.Mention THREE methods of classifications of herbicides. 3 marks 25.State FOUR factors considered when selecting a site for a vegetable nursery bed. 4 marks 26.


1 mark 13.State FOUR stages of curing hides and skins. 2 marks 14.State the role of Isthmus in the reproductive system of a layer 1 mark 15. I Name the crop usually attacked by the Zebra disease. Mark ii What is decortication? 1 mark 16.State THREE importance of lime in crop production. 11 2 marks 16. Name TWO characteristics that make Katumani maize variety recommended for marginal areas. 1 mark 18.State FOUR ways of preventing swarming in bees. 2 marks 19.State FOUR factors that contribute to the competitive ability of weeds over cultivated crops. 2 marks 20.Mention any FOUR factors that affect the quality of hay. 2 marks 21.How can a farmer improve soil PH in his farm? 1 mark 22.State ONE reason for foot trimming in livestock. 1 mark 23.State FOUR characteristics of a good wood preservative. 2 marks 9SECTION B 24.Mention THREE methods of classifications of herbicides. 3 marks 25.State FOUR factors considered when selecting a site for a vegetable nursery bed. 4 marks 26. I Name the class of animal represented by the above digestive system. 1 mark ii Label the parts indicated by the letters. 4 marks P Q R S iii State one function of P and S 2 marks iv Give ONE reason why rabbits and donkeys are able to digest cellulose material. 1 mark 27.Give a benefit for feeding colostrum to a newly born calf. 1 mark 28.Name THREE soil fractions. 3 marks 29. A State FOUR activities carried out on a site before laying a farm structure. 2 marks b State TWO methods commonly used in wood treatment. 2 marks c Give FOUR maintenance practices done on live fence. 2 marks d Give ONE disadvantage of using stones for building. 1 mark 30. A State TWO advantages of chemical control on crop pests. 2 marks b State FOUR effects of plant diseases on crop production. 4 marks c List TWO diseases and TWO pests that attack bananas in the field. 2 marks 31. A Explain the difference between risk and uncertainty. 1 mark b Give FOUR ways in which farmers adjust to risk and uncertainties. 2 marks c State FOUR crucial questions a farmer would be trying to answer when preparing a partial budget.


Name TWO characteristics that make Katumani maize variety recommended for marginal areas. 1 mark 18.State FOUR ways of preventing swarming in bees. 2 marks 19.State FOUR factors that contribute to the competitive ability of weeds over cultivated crops. 2 marks 20.Mention any FOUR factors that affect the quality of hay. 2 marks 21.How can a farmer improve soil PH in his farm? 1 mark 22.State ONE reason for foot trimming in livestock. 1 mark 23.State FOUR characteristics of a good wood preservative. 2 marks 9SECTION B 24.Mention THREE methods of classifications of herbicides. 3 marks 25.State FOUR factors considered when selecting a site for a vegetable nursery bed. 4 marks 26. I Name the class of animal represented by the above digestive system. 1 mark ii Label the parts indicated by the letters. 4 marks P Q R S iii State one function of P and S 2 marks iv Give ONE reason why rabbits and donkeys are able to digest cellulose material. 1 mark 27.Give a benefit for feeding colostrum to a newly born calf. 1 mark 28.Name THREE soil fractions. 3 marks 29. A State FOUR activities carried out on a site before laying a farm structure. 2 marks b State TWO methods commonly used in wood treatment. 2 marks c Give FOUR maintenance practices done on live fence. 2 marks d Give ONE disadvantage of using stones for building. 1 mark 30. A State TWO advantages of chemical control on crop pests. 2 marks b State FOUR effects of plant diseases on crop production. 4 marks c List TWO diseases and TWO pests that attack bananas in the field. 2 marks 31. A Explain the difference between risk and uncertainty. 1 mark b Give FOUR ways in which farmers adjust to risk and uncertainties. 2 marks c State FOUR crucial questions a farmer would be trying to answer when preparing a partial budget. 2 marks SECTION C 32. A Describe the production of dry beans on a piece of land that has been follow under the following headings.


BEANS 32. A i Ecological requirements Well drained loam soils Beans require moist soils through out growing period Moderate rainfall No rain at harvesting time Irrigation can be done 5 x 1 - 5 ii Land Preparation Clear land before onset of rains Cultivate land to required tilth not so fine medium tilth Seeds should be dried before planting - select seeds for planting Plant at the onset of rains Planting is done by placing 2 - 4 seeds per hole Spacing 30 x 15 cm Apply Diammoniun phosphate at rate of 200kg ha before planting. 5x1 5 iii Field Management Weeding done before flowering Weeding done when soil is dry Hand weeding is done During dry months irrigate land Use furrow irrrigation Control of diseases such as Bacterial Halo blight and Anthracose, planting resistant varieties. Pest control by use of Benomyl Copper fungicide or mancazeb Pests include bean aphid; bean bruchids; Spotted borer, American bollworm, Beanfly, Golden ring moth 5x1 5 b i Too much Nitrogen Too dry and too wet conditions Calcium deficiency 3mks ii Physiological diseases that occur when tomato plants are exposed to too dry and too wet conditions, calcium deficiency 2mks 33. A i Live fence e.g. a Hedges and growing trees b Electric fence ii Dead fence e.g. Post and wire i.e. barbed wire, plain wire Post woven wire rail fence Wall fence e.g. stone break Trench fence 2mks b Has more aesthetic value i.e natural Act as a windbreak and controls soil erosion 14 It is easy and cheaper to establish May be a source of fodder to livestock It can be a source of firewood. 3mks c Replace any broken rotten post Any loose fence wire should be tightened appropriately Trim the hedge and any gaps filled, the fencing posts should be treated first with preservatives such as old engine oil, creosate or charred. 3mks d Sex of the calve Date of birth Breed of the mother dam Weight Breed of size any given 3mks e Strength Direction Humidity 3 x 1 3 f Cause wounds Low quality Cause irritation Spread diseases Reduce quality of product Increase cost of production 6 x 1 6 34. A It is drought resistant Gives good yield in poor soils Require less labour Sheds its leaves during dry season thus reduce water evaporation Has low nutrient requirement Resistant to certain pests and diseases Can be used as flour and boiled 7 x 2 14 b Diseases of cassava i Cassava mosaic 1mks Symptoms Leaves turn yellow Reduced yield Stunted growth Distorted leaves 2mks ii Brown streak 1mks Symptoms Old leaves develop yellow buds at veins Brown patches on tubers 2mks iii Bacterial blight 1mks Symptoms Leaves develop brown patches Shoot tips turn brown Wilting of leaves that easily fall off 2mks AGRICULTURE III PART I SECTION A: 1.What is a forage crop? 1 mk 2.List four features of a fish pond. 4 mks 153.State two disadvantages of persistent use of pesticides in crop production. 2 mks 4.State two reasons for seasoning timber before use. 2 mks 5.State four disadvantages of natural mating as a method of breeding in dairy cattle. 4 mks 6.Why should smoke be used during harvesting of honey. 2 mks 7.State four functions of potassium in plant growth. 4 mks 8.State four routine management practices that should be carried out in sheep production 4 mks 9.State four ways of improving productivity of farm labour. 4 mks 10. If you are told a newly released Kitale hybrid maize seed is H823.


Pest control by use of Benomyl Copper fungicide or mancazeb Pests include bean aphid; bean bruchids; Spotted borer, American bollworm, Beanfly, Golden ring moth 5x1 5 b i Too much Nitrogen Too dry and too wet conditions Calcium deficiency 3mks ii Physiological diseases that occur when tomato plants are exposed to too dry and too wet conditions, calcium deficiency 2mks 33. A i Live fence e.g. a Hedges and growing trees b Electric fence ii Dead fence e.g. Post and wire i.e. barbed wire, plain wire Post woven wire rail fence Wall fence e.g. stone break Trench fence 2mks b Has more aesthetic value i.e natural Act as a windbreak and controls soil erosion 14 It is easy and cheaper to establish May be a source of fodder to livestock It can be a source of firewood. 3mks c Replace any broken rotten post Any loose fence wire should be tightened appropriately Trim the hedge and any gaps filled, the fencing posts should be treated first with preservatives such as old engine oil, creosate or charred. 3mks d Sex of the calve Date of birth Breed of the mother dam Weight Breed of size any given 3mks e Strength Direction Humidity 3 x 1 3 f Cause wounds Low quality Cause irritation Spread diseases Reduce quality of product Increase cost of production 6 x 1 6 34. A It is drought resistant Gives good yield in poor soils Require less labour Sheds its leaves during dry season thus reduce water evaporation Has low nutrient requirement Resistant to certain pests and diseases Can be used as flour and boiled 7 x 2 14 b Diseases of cassava i Cassava mosaic 1mks Symptoms Leaves turn yellow Reduced yield Stunted growth Distorted leaves 2mks ii Brown streak 1mks Symptoms Old leaves develop yellow buds at veins Brown patches on tubers 2mks iii Bacterial blight 1mks Symptoms Leaves develop brown patches Shoot tips turn brown Wilting of leaves that easily fall off 2mks AGRICULTURE III PART I SECTION A: 1.What is a forage crop? 1 mk 2.List four features of a fish pond. 4 mks 153.State two disadvantages of persistent use of pesticides in crop production. 2 mks 4.State two reasons for seasoning timber before use. 2 mks 5.State four disadvantages of natural mating as a method of breeding in dairy cattle. 4 mks 6.Why should smoke be used during harvesting of honey. 2 mks 7.State four functions of potassium in plant growth. 4 mks 8.State four routine management practices that should be carried out in sheep production 4 mks 9.State four ways of improving productivity of farm labour. 4 mks 10. If you are told a newly released Kitale hybrid maize seed is H823. What does the 3 digits stand for? 1 mks 11.


Post and wire i.e. barbed wire, plain wire Post woven wire rail fence Wall fence e.g. stone break Trench fence 2mks b Has more aesthetic value i.e natural Act as a windbreak and controls soil erosion 14 It is easy and cheaper to establish May be a source of fodder to livestock It can be a source of firewood. 3mks c Replace any broken rotten post Any loose fence wire should be tightened appropriately Trim the hedge and any gaps filled, the fencing posts should be treated first with preservatives such as old engine oil, creosate or charred. 3mks d Sex of the calve Date of birth Breed of the mother dam Weight Breed of size any given 3mks e Strength Direction Humidity 3 x 1 3 f Cause wounds Low quality Cause irritation Spread diseases Reduce quality of product Increase cost of production 6 x 1 6 34. A It is drought resistant Gives good yield in poor soils Require less labour Sheds its leaves during dry season thus reduce water evaporation Has low nutrient requirement Resistant to certain pests and diseases Can be used as flour and boiled 7 x 2 14 b Diseases of cassava i Cassava mosaic 1mks Symptoms Leaves turn yellow Reduced yield Stunted growth Distorted leaves 2mks ii Brown streak 1mks Symptoms Old leaves develop yellow buds at veins Brown patches on tubers 2mks iii Bacterial blight 1mks Symptoms Leaves develop brown patches Shoot tips turn brown Wilting of leaves that easily fall off 2mks AGRICULTURE III PART I SECTION A: 1.What is a forage crop? 1 mk 2.List four features of a fish pond. 4 mks 153.State two disadvantages of persistent use of pesticides in crop production. 2 mks 4.State two reasons for seasoning timber before use. 2 mks 5.State four disadvantages of natural mating as a method of breeding in dairy cattle. 4 mks 6.Why should smoke be used during harvesting of honey. 2 mks 7.State four functions of potassium in plant growth. 4 mks 8.State four routine management practices that should be carried out in sheep production 4 mks 9.State four ways of improving productivity of farm labour. 4 mks 10. If you are told a newly released Kitale hybrid maize seed is H823. What does the 3 digits stand for? 1 mks 11. A Why are insecticides made from pyrethrum recommendable than synthetic insecticides?


If you are told a newly released Kitale hybrid maize seed is H823. What does the 3 digits stand for? 1 mks 11. A Why are insecticides made from pyrethrum recommendable than synthetic insecticides? B i Pyrethrum is propagated by which means? 1 mk ii What is cutting back in pyrethrum growing? 1 mk 12. How does a vaccine work in the body of an animal? 2 mks 13. State one characteristic of organic matter that enables it to perform each of the following roles in the soil. I Improvement of soil structure. 2 mks ii Improvement of water holding capacity. 2 mks 14. State the symptoms of attack by the sweet potato weevils. 2 mks 15. Name two tools that may be used to dock lambs. 2 mks SECTION B: 16. Give four reasons why the feeding of colostrum is important in the rearing of piglets. 2 mks 17. Give two reasons why green manures are not commonly used by small scale farmers. 2 mks 18. When is opportunity cost said to be zero? 1 mk 19.


Give two reasons why green manures are not commonly used by small scale farmers. 2 mks 18. When is opportunity cost said to be zero? 1 mk 19. State two reasons for proper record keeping. 2 mks 20. State four reasons why zero grazing is becoming increasingly popular in small scale farming in Kenya. 2 mks 21. Name four methods of land reclamation. 2 mks 22. State four components of cattle dip. 4 mks 23. State two functions of ventilation in an animal house. 2 mks 24. Mention four important crush practices in a dairy farm. 2 mks 25. A Differentiate between the following. 3 mks i Furrowing and farrowing. Ii Candling and kindling. Iii Undersowing and oversowing. 26. Mention four problems associated with soil erosion. 2 mks 27. Name three sources of water in the farm. 2 mks 28. A Give two factors that may lead to longer calving interval in a dairy cow.


Mention four problems associated with soil erosion. 2 mks 27. Name three sources of water in the farm. 2 mks 28. A Give two factors that may lead to longer calving interval in a dairy cow. 2 mks b State three benefits of giving a pregnant dairy cow a special diet for 6 weeks before calving. 2 mks c List four signs of infertility in dairy cows. 2 mks 29. A List three problems that are faced by farmers who practice mono-culture. 3 mks b What is meant by seed inoculation? 1 mk 30. State the main reason why sharp corners should be avoided in a brooder for chicks. 1 mk 31.


2 mks b State three benefits of giving a pregnant dairy cow a special diet for 6 weeks before calving. 2 mks c List four signs of infertility in dairy cows. 2 mks 29. A List three problems that are faced by farmers who practice mono-culture. 3 mks b What is meant by seed inoculation? 1 mk 30. State the main reason why sharp corners should be avoided in a brooder for chicks. 1 mk 31. A Apart from reducing friction, what other functions does lubrication perform in farm machinery? List four . 2 mks b Give four ways through which a farmer may improve production efficiency without necessarily incurring extra cost. 2 mks SECTION C: 1632. A i. How is the nitrogen element lost from the soil? 5 mks ii. Describe the method by which nitrogen may be restored to the soil. 8 mks b i Describe how high quality farm yard manure could be made and stored. 5 mks ii Outline the factors which influence the quality of farmyard manure.


A List three problems that are faced by farmers who practice mono-culture. 3 mks b What is meant by seed inoculation? 1 mk 30. State the main reason why sharp corners should be avoided in a brooder for chicks. 1 mk 31. A Apart from reducing friction, what other functions does lubrication perform in farm machinery? List four . 2 mks b Give four ways through which a farmer may improve production efficiency without necessarily incurring extra cost. 2 mks SECTION C: 1632. A i. How is the nitrogen element lost from the soil? 5 mks ii. Describe the method by which nitrogen may be restored to the soil. 8 mks b i Describe how high quality farm yard manure could be made and stored. 5 mks ii Outline the factors which influence the quality of farmyard manure. 2 mks 33.


State the main reason why sharp corners should be avoided in a brooder for chicks. 1 mk 31. A Apart from reducing friction, what other functions does lubrication perform in farm machinery? List four . 2 mks b Give four ways through which a farmer may improve production efficiency without necessarily incurring extra cost. 2 mks SECTION C: 1632. A i. How is the nitrogen element lost from the soil? 5 mks ii. Describe the method by which nitrogen may be restored to the soil. 8 mks b i Describe how high quality farm yard manure could be made and stored. 5 mks ii Outline the factors which influence the quality of farmyard manure. 2 mks 33. A List the factors that could make meat unfit for eating by man. 4 mks b Outline the procedure for clean milk production. 10mks c Why are goats suited to most parts of Kenya? 6 mks 34.


A Apart from reducing friction, what other functions does lubrication perform in farm machinery? List four . 2 mks b Give four ways through which a farmer may improve production efficiency without necessarily incurring extra cost. 2 mks SECTION C: 1632. A i. How is the nitrogen element lost from the soil? 5 mks ii. Describe the method by which nitrogen may be restored to the soil. 8 mks b i Describe how high quality farm yard manure could be made and stored. 5 mks ii Outline the factors which influence the quality of farmyard manure. 2 mks 33. A List the factors that could make meat unfit for eating by man. 4 mks b Outline the procedure for clean milk production. 10mks c Why are goats suited to most parts of Kenya? 6 mks 34. A What are the effects of endo-parasites in livestock? 5 mks b With the aid of diagrams describe briefly the life cycle of liverfluke. 5 mks c Describe foot and mouth disease under the following headings: i Cause. 1 mk ii Symptoms. 2 mks iii Control measures. 2 mks d State five signs of a good layer among a flock of hens. 5 mks AGRICULTURE III MARKING SCHEME 1.Plant which either grows naturally or cultivated and used for feeding livestoc 1 mk 2. I Inlet iii Pool tank ii Spillway iv Fence iii Outlet any4x1 4 mks 3.Pesticides kill beneficial insects.


2 mks 33. A List the factors that could make meat unfit for eating by man. 4 mks b Outline the procedure for clean milk production. 10mks c Why are goats suited to most parts of Kenya? 6 mks 34. A What are the effects of endo-parasites in livestock? 5 mks b With the aid of diagrams describe briefly the life cycle of liverfluke. 5 mks c Describe foot and mouth disease under the following headings: i Cause. 1 mk ii Symptoms. 2 mks iii Control measures. 2 mks d State five signs of a good layer among a flock of hens. 5 mks AGRICULTURE III MARKING SCHEME 1.Plant which either grows naturally or cultivated and used for feeding livestoc 1 mk 2. I Inlet iii Pool tank ii Spillway iv Fence iii Outlet any4x1 4 mks 3.Pesticides kill beneficial insects. Some pests build resistance to pesticides. Pesticides have residual effects. 4.To avoid warping.


Some pests build resistance to pesticides. Pesticides have residual effects. 4.To avoid warping. To reduce attack by pest fungi. 5.There is no control in breeding. Can cause spread of vaginitis disease. Wastage of sperms. Sperms can be used in remote areas. 4x1 4mks 6.To make bees less aggressive less active. 2 mks 7.Mark any relevant answer correct. 8.The feet should be trimmed regularly. Dipping should be regular, but should be stopped one month before lambing. Sheep should be vaccinated regularly. Sheep should be dewormed regularly. 4x1 4 mks 9.Giving incentives. Training labour. Farm mechanization. Labour supervision. Any 4x1 4 mks 10. 8 Altitude. 2 Serial number. 3 Number of crossing. 1 mks 11. A Easily broken down. 1 mk b i Splits 1 mk ii Removal of old stems upto the level of foliage. 1 mk 1712.


2 Serial number. 3 Number of crossing. 1 mks 11. A Easily broken down. 1 mk b i Splits 1 mk ii Removal of old stems upto the level of foliage. 1 mk 1712. A vaccine induce temporary antibodies which initiate the formation of antigen in balance to await the anticipated antibodies of the diseases to attack. 2 mks 13. I Decomposing enhancing the breaking down of particles of soil thus the soil structure is improved. 2 mks ii The organic matter decomposes to form the elements that are incorporated in soil, thus increasing capilarity adhesiveness of H 2 O. 14. Larvae Tubers become discolored . Any two 2x1 2 mks 15. Scalpel. Docking knife. SECTION B: 16.Impart immunity. Contains necessary nutrients. Faster growth. Facilitate metabolism. 4 x 2 mks 17. Crops are harvested when green matter has been withered. It is expensive. 2x1 2 mks 18.When there is no choice to be made. 1mk 19. To follow good farm plant.


Crops are harvested when green matter has been withered. It is expensive. 2x1 2 mks 18.When there is no choice to be made. 1mk 19. To follow good farm plant. -. To assist in credit acquiring. 2x1 2 mks 20. -. Mark any correct relevant answer. 21. Drainage. Tse-tse fly control. Reafforestation. Afforestation. 4 x 2 mks 22. A - Collecting pen. Footbath. Dipping tank. Drainage race. Entrance race. Waste pit tank. Water source tank. 4x1 4 mks b - Remove mud from hooves clean hooves. Mk 23. -. Allows efficient air circulation in the house. Prevents inside of the house from becoming humid. Controls temperature in the house. 2x1 2 mks 24. Milking. Deworming. Treatment. Isolation AI. 4 x 2 mks 25. A - Cutting making ditches channels on farm.


Poor nutrition. Poor health. Incorrect timing of service. 2x1 2 mks b High quality colostrum. Strong heavy and health calf is obtained. Results in high milk yield. Gives cow enough energy for calving. To a customs the animals to concentrates feed. To stimulate development. Any3 x 2 mks c Absence of estrous. Abortion. Prolonged estrous. Irregular heat intervals. Conception failure after service. Abnormal discharge from vulva. Any 4x 2 mks 29. A - Build up of pest or diseases. Breakdown of soil structure. Soil erosion may be a problem. Loss of soil fertility. 3x1 3 mks b Introducing a suitable strain of nitrogen fixing bacteria to legume seeds. 1 mk 30. To avoid suffocation due to overcrowding kindling of chicks in corners. 1 mk 31. A - Cushions prevents rubbing together of moving parts in machinery. To prevent rusting. Absorbs heat and traps pieces of metal, which comes from moving surfaces.


To avoid suffocation due to overcrowding kindling of chicks in corners. 1 mk 31. A - Cushions prevents rubbing together of moving parts in machinery. To prevent rusting. Absorbs heat and traps pieces of metal, which comes from moving surfaces. Improves work efficiency machines. Reduces rate of rear and lear. Any 4x 2 mks b - Use of improved or modern farming methods. -Improved farm management. -Mechanization of farm operations. -Efficiency in use of labour. -Select enterprises that can bring highest return. -Organizing marketing activities to realize highest price. Any 4x 2 mks 32. A - Denitrification. Leaching. 19Soil erosion. Burning. Volatilization. Crop absorption. Any 5x1 5 mks b Nirtogen fixation by root nodules bacteria and free living bacteria. Application of inorganic manure e.g. guano manure. Crop rotation planting of legumes. C i Plant material is placed on concrete floor indoors.


Application of inorganic manure e.g. guano manure. Crop rotation planting of legumes. C i Plant material is placed on concrete floor indoors. Animals defecate on it and mix it with urine and dung . Cover the heap with soil or polythene sheet to prevent leaching. Consolidate heap to prevent entry of water. Allow it to dry completely before being used. 1x5 5 mks ii Type of bedding used. Age of animal. Type of feed given to animal. Type of animal from which dung is obtained. 4 x 2 mks 33. A - Animal infested by zoonotic diseases animal infested by par. Animal found dead due to unknown cause. Uninspected meat by environmental health authorities. Contamination e.g. feaces, flies. B Ensure that the cows are clean and healthy. Milking equipment this should be seamless to make them easy to clean - they should be cleaned thoroughly after each milking. Milking parlour shed. Situated in dust free environment. The floor should be made of concrete to facilitate cleaning.


Milking parlour shed. Situated in dust free environment. The floor should be made of concrete to facilitate cleaning. Cleaned thoroughly after milking. Milking jelly to avoid cracking. Iv Milker - should be healthy i.e. free from zoonoses. Should be clean always. Should have white coat to help in detecting dirt. Should have short finger nails. Wash his hand well with soap before milking. V Best for mastitis before milking. Using a strip cup, animals having mastitis should be milked last to avoid spread of diseases. Vi Milk storage and handling. Cool milk soon after milking and store it. A cool place to reduce bacterial growth and multiplication. Filter and cover milk to. Remove and keep away dirt resepctively. 1mk each points x 5 5mks 1mk for explanation x 5 5mks 10 mks c Goats are tolerant. Goats are drought resistant. They eat variety of vegetation. They are tolerant to heat and high temperature. Any 3 points x 2mks 6 mks 34.


Goats are drought resistant. They eat variety of vegetation. They are tolerant to heat and high temperature. Any 3 points x 2mks 6 mks 34. A Damage to animal organs. Obstruction in the alimentary canal. 20Parasites eat food intended for use by livestock. Suck blood. Cause irritation. Any 5x1 5 mks b Developing Embryos Egg in feaceslarval Forms In snail Animal eatscyst Encycited Cercarian Drawing 2 mks Description 2 mks c Foot and mouth: Causes - virus type A, C and D. 1 mk Symptoms: Blisters wounds appear on the mouth and feet. Tongue ,lips, and gums are inflamed. Lesions appear between the skin and hoof. Profuse salivation. Animal weak and thin. Drops in milk production. Any 2x1 2 mks Control: Vaccination. Quarantine. Kill animal affected.


Drops in milk production. Any 2x1 2 mks Control: Vaccination. Quarantine. Kill animal affected. Nurse animals with wound by use of antibiotics. Any 2x1 2 mks d - Signs of good layers: Combs and wattles are large, warm and waxy and red. Bright orange and alert eyes. Pale beak. The rent is oval, moist, reddish in colour and active. Abdomen is soft, pliable and wide. The space between keel and pelvic bone is wide and can fit 3-4 fingers. Alert and active. Dry and rugged feathers. Moulting starts late. Shanks are pale. Brooding is rare. Any 5x1 5 mks 21AGRICULTURE IV SECTION A.


A dam is a wall build across a river to prevent flow of water to form a lake. While a well is a wall stamped across water. 2mks 11. Swelling Mottling of leaves Chlorosis of leaves 12. Washing Fleshing Salting Drying 4 x 2mks 13. The rate of growth of forage The type of animal to be fed 2 x 1 2mks 14. Moisture content of Soil Tilth of soil 2 x 1 2mks 15. Tap roots are formed here Little humus Slightly compact Yellowish Active micro organisms 4 x 1 4mks 16. To prevent soil erosion forming the soil Attract insects to the pond for fish to feed on. 2 x 1 2mks 17.


Tap roots are formed here Little humus Slightly compact Yellowish Active micro organisms 4 x 1 4mks 16. To prevent soil erosion forming the soil Attract insects to the pond for fish to feed on. 2 x 1 2mks 17. Improper or incomplete drying of grains - Wet heating Placing in sacks with the maize on the floor 24 Drainage by pests e.g rodents weavils 3 x 1 3mks 18. Harmless Well wooled but free from wool blindness 2 x 1 2mks 19. Ants birds Wax moth Bee louse Hive beetle - Death head hank moth Pirate wasps 4 x 2mks 20. Lack of heat Abnormal discharge from the reproduction track Irregular heat intervals Abortion Prolonged heat period 3 x 1 3mks 21.


Harmless Well wooled but free from wool blindness 2 x 1 2mks 19. Ants birds Wax moth Bee louse Hive beetle - Death head hank moth Pirate wasps 4 x 2mks 20. Lack of heat Abnormal discharge from the reproduction track Irregular heat intervals Abortion Prolonged heat period 3 x 1 3mks 21. Part of the plant Stage of flower development Genetic constitution Age of the plant Handling Care during picking drying and dispatch 4 x 1 4mks 22. They are the most important source of carbohydrate Harvesting of cereals is easier Storage and transportation are easier Cereals are widely adapted to various ecological zones 3 x 1 3mks 23.


Lack of heat Abnormal discharge from the reproduction track Irregular heat intervals Abortion Prolonged heat period 3 x 1 3mks 21. Part of the plant Stage of flower development Genetic constitution Age of the plant Handling Care during picking drying and dispatch 4 x 1 4mks 22. They are the most important source of carbohydrate Harvesting of cereals is easier Storage and transportation are easier Cereals are widely adapted to various ecological zones 3 x 1 3mks 23. A Sleeping cubicles Milking place Feeding and watering troughs - Calf pens Loafing exercise area Store - High milk production is obtained Allows higher stocking rate Animals make maximum use of fodder without wastage Rapid accumulation of manure Minimises outbreak of diseases - Avoids overgrazing 4 x 2mks c To obtain a strong, heavy and healthy calf at birth 25 To increase milk production in the next lactation To allow accumulation of body reserves used in the formation of colostrum 24.


Part of the plant Stage of flower development Genetic constitution Age of the plant Handling Care during picking drying and dispatch 4 x 1 4mks 22. They are the most important source of carbohydrate Harvesting of cereals is easier Storage and transportation are easier Cereals are widely adapted to various ecological zones 3 x 1 3mks 23. A Sleeping cubicles Milking place Feeding and watering troughs - Calf pens Loafing exercise area Store - High milk production is obtained Allows higher stocking rate Animals make maximum use of fodder without wastage Rapid accumulation of manure Minimises outbreak of diseases - Avoids overgrazing 4 x 2mks c To obtain a strong, heavy and healthy calf at birth 25 To increase milk production in the next lactation To allow accumulation of body reserves used in the formation of colostrum 24. Select proper more paying enterprise Proper crop husbandry practices Proper livestock husbandry Mechanisation Adopt new techniques Timeliness of farm operations 3 x 1 3mks 25.


They are the most important source of carbohydrate Harvesting of cereals is easier Storage and transportation are easier Cereals are widely adapted to various ecological zones 3 x 1 3mks 23. A Sleeping cubicles Milking place Feeding and watering troughs - Calf pens Loafing exercise area Store - High milk production is obtained Allows higher stocking rate Animals make maximum use of fodder without wastage Rapid accumulation of manure Minimises outbreak of diseases - Avoids overgrazing 4 x 2mks c To obtain a strong, heavy and healthy calf at birth 25 To increase milk production in the next lactation To allow accumulation of body reserves used in the formation of colostrum 24. Select proper more paying enterprise Proper crop husbandry practices Proper livestock husbandry Mechanisation Adopt new techniques Timeliness of farm operations 3 x 1 3mks 25. A Increase quantity of livestock product - To increase quality of livestock product To increase profit level To prevent the spread of zoonotic diseases To increase productive life of livestock 2 x 1 2mks b i Foot and Mouth disease ii Anthrax iii Rinder pest iv Lampiy sick disease v Rabies 2 x 1 2mks c Vaccinate birds at regular interval Isolate affected birds destroy affected birds Disinfect the house before bringing in new stock Impose quaratine in the farm Ensure proper farm hygiene 4 x mks 2mks 26.


A Sleeping cubicles Milking place Feeding and watering troughs - Calf pens Loafing exercise area Store - High milk production is obtained Allows higher stocking rate Animals make maximum use of fodder without wastage Rapid accumulation of manure Minimises outbreak of diseases - Avoids overgrazing 4 x 2mks c To obtain a strong, heavy and healthy calf at birth 25 To increase milk production in the next lactation To allow accumulation of body reserves used in the formation of colostrum 24. Select proper more paying enterprise Proper crop husbandry practices Proper livestock husbandry Mechanisation Adopt new techniques Timeliness of farm operations 3 x 1 3mks 25. A Increase quantity of livestock product - To increase quality of livestock product To increase profit level To prevent the spread of zoonotic diseases To increase productive life of livestock 2 x 1 2mks b i Foot and Mouth disease ii Anthrax iii Rinder pest iv Lampiy sick disease v Rabies 2 x 1 2mks c Vaccinate birds at regular interval Isolate affected birds destroy affected birds Disinfect the house before bringing in new stock Impose quaratine in the farm Ensure proper farm hygiene 4 x mks 2mks 26. A - Market is a place where buyers and sellers meet to buy and sell goods and services, where as marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers 2mks b An imperfect market is a situation in which some buyers, some sellers or both have limited knowledge of goods and services offered for sale at various forces few buyers and sellers different, goods in to the market.


Select proper more paying enterprise Proper crop husbandry practices Proper livestock husbandry Mechanisation Adopt new techniques Timeliness of farm operations 3 x 1 3mks 25. A Increase quantity of livestock product - To increase quality of livestock product To increase profit level To prevent the spread of zoonotic diseases To increase productive life of livestock 2 x 1 2mks b i Foot and Mouth disease ii Anthrax iii Rinder pest iv Lampiy sick disease v Rabies 2 x 1 2mks c Vaccinate birds at regular interval Isolate affected birds destroy affected birds Disinfect the house before bringing in new stock Impose quaratine in the farm Ensure proper farm hygiene 4 x mks 2mks 26. A - Market is a place where buyers and sellers meet to buy and sell goods and services, where as marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers 2mks b An imperfect market is a situation in which some buyers, some sellers or both have limited knowledge of goods and services offered for sale at various forces few buyers and sellers different, goods in to the market. C The Price of mangoes go down. 1mk 27.


A Increase quantity of livestock product - To increase quality of livestock product To increase profit level To prevent the spread of zoonotic diseases To increase productive life of livestock 2 x 1 2mks b i Foot and Mouth disease ii Anthrax iii Rinder pest iv Lampiy sick disease v Rabies 2 x 1 2mks c Vaccinate birds at regular interval Isolate affected birds destroy affected birds Disinfect the house before bringing in new stock Impose quaratine in the farm Ensure proper farm hygiene 4 x mks 2mks 26. A - Market is a place where buyers and sellers meet to buy and sell goods and services, where as marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers 2mks b An imperfect market is a situation in which some buyers, some sellers or both have limited knowledge of goods and services offered for sale at various forces few buyers and sellers different, goods in to the market. C The Price of mangoes go down. 1mk 27. Easy establishment of plant Maintains the present genetics - Seedless plants can be propagated 3 x 1 3mks 28.


A - Market is a place where buyers and sellers meet to buy and sell goods and services, where as marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers 2mks b An imperfect market is a situation in which some buyers, some sellers or both have limited knowledge of goods and services offered for sale at various forces few buyers and sellers different, goods in to the market. C The Price of mangoes go down. 1mk 27. Easy establishment of plant Maintains the present genetics - Seedless plants can be propagated 3 x 1 3mks 28. Proximity to the farm Crop field - Accessibility - Topography Soil drainage 26 Soil type 3 x 1 3mks 29.


C The Price of mangoes go down. 1mk 27. Easy establishment of plant Maintains the present genetics - Seedless plants can be propagated 3 x 1 3mks 28. Proximity to the farm Crop field - Accessibility - Topography Soil drainage 26 Soil type 3 x 1 3mks 29. Size of the land Topography of the land Direction of the wind Soil fertility - Capital availability 4 x 2mks 30. A Corrugated iron sheets Tiles Asbestors Alluminum sheets Thatch Palm leaves Timber Wood shingles 3 x 1 3mks b Leads to environmental destruction Air pollution Exhaustible Limited uses Cannot be regulated uneconomical 3 x 1 3mks c Trailers Heavy harrow Planters 3 x 1 3mks 31.


Proximity to the farm Crop field - Accessibility - Topography Soil drainage 26 Soil type 3 x 1 3mks 29. Size of the land Topography of the land Direction of the wind Soil fertility - Capital availability 4 x 2mks 30. A Corrugated iron sheets Tiles Asbestors Alluminum sheets Thatch Palm leaves Timber Wood shingles 3 x 1 3mks b Leads to environmental destruction Air pollution Exhaustible Limited uses Cannot be regulated uneconomical 3 x 1 3mks c Trailers Heavy harrow Planters 3 x 1 3mks 31. A Caused organism protozoa 1mk b Symptoms - High temperature or fever - Dullness - Animal looses appetite - Body becomes very weak - Lachrimation - Diarrhoea - Milk production decreases - Loss of hair at Tail end - Animal has anaemia - Abortion may occur in pregnant females d Control - Treat the animal with typanoccidal drug - Control tsetse flies by bush clearing spraying - Confinement of game animals in game parks ii - Causes infertility in cows - Damaged uterus caused by abortion - Infection such as viginitis, brucel lossis; - Retained placenta 27- Blocked fallopian tube as a result of infection - Lack of essential nutrients like vitamin E - Frematin: a heifer born twin with a bull is 90 infertile Mating - Young females should be mated when they are 6 7 months old - Old females should be mated after kindling - Take the doe to the bucks hutch for mating - Have one back to give does Preparation for Kindling - Gestation period 31 days one month - Clean and put in a nest box nestling materials four days to kindling - Place the box in the darkest corner of the hutch since the doe likes kindling where it is dark Rearing the Kindles - Regularly check the nest to remove sick, weak and dead babies - Check daily to ensure that all the babies feed well - Feed kindles on mothers milk for the 2 - 3 weeks - They allowed to stay with mother until 8 th week when they are weaned 8 x 1 8mks 32.


Size of the land Topography of the land Direction of the wind Soil fertility - Capital availability 4 x 2mks 30. A Corrugated iron sheets Tiles Asbestors Alluminum sheets Thatch Palm leaves Timber Wood shingles 3 x 1 3mks b Leads to environmental destruction Air pollution Exhaustible Limited uses Cannot be regulated uneconomical 3 x 1 3mks c Trailers Heavy harrow Planters 3 x 1 3mks 31. A Caused organism protozoa 1mk b Symptoms - High temperature or fever - Dullness - Animal looses appetite - Body becomes very weak - Lachrimation - Diarrhoea - Milk production decreases - Loss of hair at Tail end - Animal has anaemia - Abortion may occur in pregnant females d Control - Treat the animal with typanoccidal drug - Control tsetse flies by bush clearing spraying - Confinement of game animals in game parks ii - Causes infertility in cows - Damaged uterus caused by abortion - Infection such as viginitis, brucel lossis; - Retained placenta 27- Blocked fallopian tube as a result of infection - Lack of essential nutrients like vitamin E - Frematin: a heifer born twin with a bull is 90 infertile Mating - Young females should be mated when they are 6 7 months old - Old females should be mated after kindling - Take the doe to the bucks hutch for mating - Have one back to give does Preparation for Kindling - Gestation period 31 days one month - Clean and put in a nest box nestling materials four days to kindling - Place the box in the darkest corner of the hutch since the doe likes kindling where it is dark Rearing the Kindles - Regularly check the nest to remove sick, weak and dead babies - Check daily to ensure that all the babies feed well - Feed kindles on mothers milk for the 2 - 3 weeks - They allowed to stay with mother until 8 th week when they are weaned 8 x 1 8mks 32. -. Proper selection of the herd Proper disease control Proper pest control Proper housing Proper feeding Spraying animals against external parasites Proper recording of management activities Cross breeding up grading the herd Proper serring the dam Proper use of good sire Deworming against internal parasites stating 10 x 1 10mks, Explanation 10 x 1 10mks 33.


A Corrugated iron sheets Tiles Asbestors Alluminum sheets Thatch Palm leaves Timber Wood shingles 3 x 1 3mks b Leads to environmental destruction Air pollution Exhaustible Limited uses Cannot be regulated uneconomical 3 x 1 3mks c Trailers Heavy harrow Planters 3 x 1 3mks 31. A Caused organism protozoa 1mk b Symptoms - High temperature or fever - Dullness - Animal looses appetite - Body becomes very weak - Lachrimation - Diarrhoea - Milk production decreases - Loss of hair at Tail end - Animal has anaemia - Abortion may occur in pregnant females d Control - Treat the animal with typanoccidal drug - Control tsetse flies by bush clearing spraying - Confinement of game animals in game parks ii - Causes infertility in cows - Damaged uterus caused by abortion - Infection such as viginitis, brucel lossis; - Retained placenta 27- Blocked fallopian tube as a result of infection - Lack of essential nutrients like vitamin E - Frematin: a heifer born twin with a bull is 90 infertile Mating - Young females should be mated when they are 6 7 months old - Old females should be mated after kindling - Take the doe to the bucks hutch for mating - Have one back to give does Preparation for Kindling - Gestation period 31 days one month - Clean and put in a nest box nestling materials four days to kindling - Place the box in the darkest corner of the hutch since the doe likes kindling where it is dark Rearing the Kindles - Regularly check the nest to remove sick, weak and dead babies - Check daily to ensure that all the babies feed well - Feed kindles on mothers milk for the 2 - 3 weeks - They allowed to stay with mother until 8 th week when they are weaned 8 x 1 8mks 32. -. Proper selection of the herd Proper disease control Proper pest control Proper housing Proper feeding Spraying animals against external parasites Proper recording of management activities Cross breeding up grading the herd Proper serring the dam Proper use of good sire Deworming against internal parasites stating 10 x 1 10mks, Explanation 10 x 1 10mks 33. A - Poor drying Damage by pests Poor processing Wet heating 4 x 1 4mks b. - Drying - Control - Proper processing Dusting Storage in ventilated stores Store away from wet conditions 6 x 1 6mks 28c. I Buy maize when harvest is high ii Store maize iii Sell maize when there is shortage iv Import maize v Export maize vi Dispose maize vii Advice the Minister on the proper production of maize ix Control prices of maize in the market 10 x 1 10mks AGRICULTURE V SECTION A.