Briefly explain one theme that is brought out in this extract. Possible ResponsesBeforeNyabera had gone to philipo to inquire about the new religion. She had then gathered her things and decided to leave her daughter with her mother n Yimbo. Shei informs her mother of her decision to seek the new religion .Her mother encourage her to go ahead and join the new religion and forget her bitters .Immediately after this Nyabera t ravel s to Aluor mission and join the new religion . Ii. Nyabera had suffered a lot in her life because her children had died mysteriously leaving her with only a girlchild Awiti . Her husband had died .Ogoma Kwach who had inherited her had back gone to his family. Iii . I . Both had lost their husbands through death ii . Their children had died iii . They were both sonless iv . I Akoko philosophical Reasoning Bitterness is poison to the spirit for it breeds nothing but viper ii . NyaberaBitter You know my wife a painful wound and much as my heart fills with bitterness Religious Decides to seek solace n the new religion May Never protect you v . Dialogue Mother I have decided .. Nyabera-Thank you motherSimile but bitterness drops on the spirit like aloes .. Use of Local dialect- Were vi . Religion Nyabera decides to seek new religion . Death and suffering - You know my life is a painful woundRead the following extract and answer the questions that follow: Good. Very good. How about this marriage business-don t you think it is too soon? I mean you re only worked for a year do you really have anything to offer a wife? Things like language to be spoken at home, the religion to be practised and by the way to what faith does she belong? Place this excerpt in its immediate context 4 marks Illustrate any two themes brought out in this extract 4 marks Comment on any TWO stylistic devices used in the excerpt 6 marks Illustrate two aspects of Mark Sigu s character shown in this excerpt 4 marks Where else in the novel is Aoro in conflict with his father?


How about this marriage business-don t you think it is too soon? I mean you re only worked for a year do you really have anything to offer a wife? Things like language to be spoken at home, the religion to be practised and by the way to what faith does she belong? Place this excerpt in its immediate context 4 marks Illustrate any two themes brought out in this extract 4 marks Comment on any TWO stylistic devices used in the excerpt 6 marks Illustrate two aspects of Mark Sigu s character shown in this excerpt 4 marks Where else in the novel is Aoro in conflict with his father? 2 marks In about 40 words, explain how Aoro defends Wandia as his choice for a wife. 3 marks Possible ResponsesBeforeAoro and Wandia have gone to Aoro s homeThey meet the parents of Aoro and exchange pleasantriesAro tells his father of his plans to go back to study surgery his area of interest. AfterAoro s father is skeptical about Aoro s marriage to WandiaHe cites religion as one of the problems likely to arise if the two get marriedAoro tells his father they will sort out issues like religious differences and language to be spoken as Wandia is a rational person. ThemesReligion - Aoro s father wanted to know Aoro and Wandia s religious differences could cause them problems. Tribalism Aoro s father asked Aoro why he could not get a nice Luo girl to marry instead of Wandia who is a KikuyuDialogueMark Sigu and Aoro are conversing concerning Aoro s intention to marry Wandia. Mark Sigu: How about the marriage businessAoro : I guess not Comment dialogue makes the conversation interesting and livelyUse of dashes-She is a Kikuyu after all they have a thing about moneyComment to indicate pause or deep thoughts creates suspenseMark Sigu s characterPrejudicial stereotyping tribalistic-He regards all Kikuyus as money loversLoving -He told Aoro that he loved him and was proud of himCaring-He told his son Aoro that he was trying to forestall any possible misery which may arise in future. When Aoro and his brothers went to swim and his young twin brother almost drowned.


Tribalism Aoro s father asked Aoro why he could not get a nice Luo girl to marry instead of Wandia who is a KikuyuDialogueMark Sigu and Aoro are conversing concerning Aoro s intention to marry Wandia. Mark Sigu: How about the marriage businessAoro : I guess not Comment dialogue makes the conversation interesting and livelyUse of dashes-She is a Kikuyu after all they have a thing about moneyComment to indicate pause or deep thoughts creates suspenseMark Sigu s characterPrejudicial stereotyping tribalistic-He regards all Kikuyus as money loversLoving -He told Aoro that he loved him and was proud of himCaring-He told his son Aoro that he was trying to forestall any possible misery which may arise in future. When Aoro and his brothers went to swim and his young twin brother almost drowned. When Aoro was suspended from school for being rude to the prefects in his school. His father denied him food for 36 hours and he passed out. Aoro says he doubts that Wandia, irrespective of being a Kikuyu, is materialistic; that he has feelings for Wandia which he could not transfer to any other person; everyone, irrespective of the tribe, was the same beneath the skin. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow: Brothers, we greet you and bring you many greetings from the people of seme. My nephew, Oloo, son of my late brother Sigu, came to me and said: Father, I have found a girl and I want to get married. Now I am a reasonable man and I know the ways of chik,so I asked him: Son I asked him one does not just find a girl in the air. One sends ajwanyoto go and spy a girl and find out her antecedents and character. Is she a thief or a witch? Is she lazy or shiftless? Might there be consanguinity between you and her? Who is her mother and father? I tell you my brothers that I was flabbergasted to hear that none of these things had crossed his mind. He knew that her mother s name was Maria and her grandmother s name was Akoko and that was all. You will therefore forgive us because we do not know you and you do not know us.


I tell you my brothers that I was flabbergasted to hear that none of these things had crossed his mind. He knew that her mother s name was Maria and her grandmother s name was Akoko and that was all. You will therefore forgive us because we do not know you and you do not know us. We only came because we have faith in our son who has always been a reasonable man. We therefore wish to introduce ourselves before we go on. Iam SemoRakula of Seme,our village is near that strange rock- upon-a-rock,Kit-Mikai. We are the descendants of that wear warrior, NyagudiKogambi. Oloo and these young men are my sons and nephew .Oloo is a man of learning and what is more a soldier who has fought for the white man in distant landa Now he is a clerk with a big kambi company inNakuru, where he gets a good salary. So should this suit be acceptable to all you need have no fear that your daughter will starve. I tell you these things because there are things jawang yowould havefound out for you. Thank you brothers. A pot of kong owas moved near him and he drew a long refreshing draught. Some things never change-a spokesman needs to irrigate his throat. Brothers, people of Seme. My name is OyangeSilwal The girlAwiti is the only child of my late brother Okumu. We are from Sakwa from the village of Gombe, The girl has group in Gem because her mother being a widow and having converted to Christianity decided to settle here which a good thing is because now she is like light for the rest of us. She is highly educated and a teacher of children. A Place this excerpt in its immediate context. 4marks b Identify and illustrate any three thematic concerns evident in this excerpt. 6marks c Describe the character of Awiti as brought out in this excerpt, 2marks d Apart from the case in this excerpt, explain where again there is a compromise in the brideprice later on in the novel. 2marks e In one sentence,paraphrase the statements below 2marks Brothers, people of Seme. My name is OyangeSilwal The girl Awiti is the only child of my late brotherOkumu. We are from Sakwa from the village of Gombe.


6marks c Describe the character of Awiti as brought out in this excerpt, 2marks d Apart from the case in this excerpt, explain where again there is a compromise in the brideprice later on in the novel. 2marks e In one sentence,paraphrase the statements below 2marks Brothers, people of Seme. My name is OyangeSilwal The girl Awiti is the only child of my late brotherOkumu. We are from Sakwa from the village of Gombe. F You will therefore forgive us brothers because we do not know you and you do not know us. In light of what happens in the novel, why is the speaker begging for forgiveness. 2marks g Identify and illustrate any two stylistic devices evidently used in this excerpt. 4marks h Give the meaning of the following words and phrases as used in the excerpt. 2marks Consanguinity;irrigate his throat;Possible Responsesa. Awiti Elizabeth begins a relationship with Mark Sigu; she introduces the matter to Akoko and Nyabera; Akoko invites her relations and negotiation is fixed .Mark Sigu comes also with his relations. They meet, talk and are entertained. They agree on just a token as a bride price. The talks are concluded and akoko calls Mark for a close talk, they joyously talk. Later on in the night Akoko dies. B.Love and friendship: Awiti and mark fall in love and marry; Family ties and relations: Akoko s close relatives must be invited for the negotiation so is the family of Mark Sigu. Changes; mark and Awiti want to marry yet they do not know one another s family background; religion: Awiti s mother is said to be converted to Christianity and went to live in the mission; Eduaction: Awiti is said to be an educated girl and is a teacher. C Hardworking; she studies very hard and becomes a teacherd. Wandia s mother does not demand any bride price but only asks Aoro to stay in peace with her daughter. E. Oyange Silwal tells the people of Seme that Awiti is the only child of his late brother Okumu and that they are from Sakwa from the clan of Gombef. Because it is not customary to get into marriage negotiations without full knowledge of one another s background. G.


Oyange Silwal tells the people of Seme that Awiti is the only child of his late brother Okumu and that they are from Sakwa from the clan of Gombef. Because it is not customary to get into marriage negotiations without full knowledge of one another s background. G. Rhetoric questions: Is she a thief or a witch? Is she lazy or shiftless? Might there be consanguinity between you and her? Direct address Brothers we greet you and bring you man greetings. H. Consanguinity;- close relationship To irrigate his throat to take a drink to so as to talk with ease. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow:My fathers, It is a shameful thing for my wife to leave her husbands house and return to her father s house. This outrageous thing had occurred only because I was not here to prevent it. Our chief, we are saddened by this unfortunate state of affairs, but you must admit that your mother has a point or two. Long have we pleaded with you to take another wife for two. Long have we pleaded with you to take another wife for yourself and you have adamantly refused. Now she has left you, you are like a misumba, a bachelor which would not have been the case if you had another wife. We beg you take another wife for yourself. This was from Oyier, a grizzled old man who had been his mother s greatest champion in her quest for a wife for Owuor. He realized that the old geezrs were going to give him a hard time of it, so he changed his tactics. Fathers, you are the wise men of this community. That is why you sit in the council. Is it that you have forgotten the ways of chik or that your determination to get me to marry other wives has clouded your judgement? Do you not know that a man s mikai is the greatest jewel that adorns his compound? That her position in maintained and protected by taboos imposed by the ways of chik? That if I die, Were forbid, my body can only lie of her hut? And this would do so even if she herself were dead? To lose one s mikai is to lose one s right hand. The Jodongo nodded sagaciously at the wisdom uttered by the chief. It is true that the mikai is the centre post that holds up a man s hut.


And this would do so even if she herself were dead? To lose one s mikai is to lose one s right hand. The Jodongo nodded sagaciously at the wisdom uttered by the chief. It is true that the mikai is the centre post that holds up a man s hut. Without her, or if she were stupid, only Were could rescue such a man from being blown away from among the people like so much chaff. She it is who saves a young man from the follies and stupidities of youth. Indeed the people of Ramogi has a saying which declared that The medicine for stupidity in marriage . Yes, the chief had spoken wisely. But Oyier would not give up so easily a Explain what happens just before this excerpt 3mks b What is the bone of contention between Akoko and her mother-in-law, Nyar Asembo 3mks c The girl child brieflt explain the relevance of this sub-heading to the whole novel 2mks d Oyier sounds sarcastic in his speech. Identify and explain the sarcasm 2mks e From the excerpt, contrast the character of Owuor with that of his brother Otieno 4mks f Explain the meaning of It is true that Mikai is the centre post that hold up a man s hut 2mks g Identify parenthisis in the last paragraph of this excerpt 1mk h Explain the main theme that comes out in this excerpt 2mks i From your knowledge of the novel, describe the role of Jodongo in the community represented in this novel Write your answer in note farm 3mks i Local language is used in this exerpt.


Yes, the chief had spoken wisely. But Oyier would not give up so easily a Explain what happens just before this excerpt 3mks b What is the bone of contention between Akoko and her mother-in-law, Nyar Asembo 3mks c The girl child brieflt explain the relevance of this sub-heading to the whole novel 2mks d Oyier sounds sarcastic in his speech. Identify and explain the sarcasm 2mks e From the excerpt, contrast the character of Owuor with that of his brother Otieno 4mks f Explain the meaning of It is true that Mikai is the centre post that hold up a man s hut 2mks g Identify parenthisis in the last paragraph of this excerpt 1mk h Explain the main theme that comes out in this excerpt 2mks i From your knowledge of the novel, describe the role of Jodongo in the community represented in this novel Write your answer in note farm 3mks i Local language is used in this exerpt. Give two examples and explain its significances 2mks k Discuss the mood that is prevalent in this extract 1mk Possible Responses a Owuor returns his journey only to find an empty houseHe tries to inquire from neighbours and from his children what had happenedHe gets very angry locks himself up in his simba He sermons the council; jodongo to convene the following day 3mks b Nyar Asembo alleges that Akoko is unable to conceive regularly her rate of procreation is slowShe accuses Akoko of practicing witchcraft against her sonShe also acuses Akoko of standing between Owuor and his marriage to other women by casting a spell on himc The Girl child This refers to AKokoShe is the source of the family tree river that extends for many generations for her, Nyabera, Elizabeth and her great grandchildren. Akoko is the source of life.


Identify and explain the sarcasm 2mks e From the excerpt, contrast the character of Owuor with that of his brother Otieno 4mks f Explain the meaning of It is true that Mikai is the centre post that hold up a man s hut 2mks g Identify parenthisis in the last paragraph of this excerpt 1mk h Explain the main theme that comes out in this excerpt 2mks i From your knowledge of the novel, describe the role of Jodongo in the community represented in this novel Write your answer in note farm 3mks i Local language is used in this exerpt. Give two examples and explain its significances 2mks k Discuss the mood that is prevalent in this extract 1mk Possible Responses a Owuor returns his journey only to find an empty houseHe tries to inquire from neighbours and from his children what had happenedHe gets very angry locks himself up in his simba He sermons the council; jodongo to convene the following day 3mks b Nyar Asembo alleges that Akoko is unable to conceive regularly her rate of procreation is slowShe accuses Akoko of practicing witchcraft against her sonShe also acuses Akoko of standing between Owuor and his marriage to other women by casting a spell on himc The Girl child This refers to AKokoShe is the source of the family tree river that extends for many generations for her, Nyabera, Elizabeth and her great grandchildren. Akoko is the source of life. She represents women as natia, Awiti, Vera and WandiaAs a source, her family survives due to he determination wisdom, hardwork and clarity of vision as a girl-childShe plays a role of those who have been wise in their time, pioneers through whose daring actions bring progress to the whole society 2mks d Oyier says that they are saddened by the disappearance of Akoko but in the real sense he capitalizes or this opportunity to advance Owuor s mother s quest of getting him Owuor marry another wife. Oyier calls him a misumba .


Akoko is the source of life. She represents women as natia, Awiti, Vera and WandiaAs a source, her family survives due to he determination wisdom, hardwork and clarity of vision as a girl-childShe plays a role of those who have been wise in their time, pioneers through whose daring actions bring progress to the whole society 2mks d Oyier says that they are saddened by the disappearance of Akoko but in the real sense he capitalizes or this opportunity to advance Owuor s mother s quest of getting him Owuor marry another wife. Oyier calls him a misumba . This is meant to hurt and humiliate Owuor so that he can marry another wife e Look for the following pointsOwuorOtieno i wiseFoolish ii Reasoning Irrational iii Faithful Immoral iv Responsible Irresponsible v Generous greedy vi Tactical tactless 4mks NB- Contrasting words and phrases must be used. One character trait of Owuor must come from the excerpt but that of Otieno from elsewhere in the novel f It expresses the importance of the first wife Akoko0 to Owuor Kembo. Just like a central post holds up a hut, the Mikai prevents a homestead from falling apart. Akoko supports her husband and gives dignity.


One character trait of Owuor must come from the excerpt but that of Otieno from elsewhere in the novel f It expresses the importance of the first wife Akoko0 to Owuor Kembo. Just like a central post holds up a hut, the Mikai prevents a homestead from falling apart. Akoko supports her husband and gives dignity. G Without her, or if she were stupid only Were could rescue suh a man from being blown away from among the people like so much chaff 1mk h Tradition-If a man dies, his body lies in his house before burial in the right hand side of Mikai s houseThe council of Jodongo arbitrates in marriage desputesPosition of Mikai is protected by taboosLosing a mikai is like loosing one s right hand mikai refered as a jewel The society is polygamousIt was a taboo for a man and such a chief to be a misumba bachelor 2mks i Involved in marriage negotiations solved marriage disputesArbitrate in social matters judges casesAssists the chief in running the affairs of the communityAssists in the removal of a bad chief 3mks NB- Notes are shown through letters, arrows, a star, a dash, a dot and use of incomplete sentences. J : Mikai , Chik , Misumba,Has aesthetic valueGives the story its local flavor thus providing varietyAdd colour and flavor to the novelIt authenticates and pin points the setting of the novel as KenyanIt injects life in the narration thus making the story enjoyableIt provides a social and geographical setting 2mks k Solemn serious grave somber melancholic mood. My fathers..it is a shameful thing fro my wife to leave ..prevent it 1mk Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow: wolololoyaye Mama yoo! Biuru une! Come and see! The strangers were taken to the chief s house and the older people saw that their faces were solemn .they couldn t be bearers of good news.


J : Mikai , Chik , Misumba,Has aesthetic valueGives the story its local flavor thus providing varietyAdd colour and flavor to the novelIt authenticates and pin points the setting of the novel as KenyanIt injects life in the narration thus making the story enjoyableIt provides a social and geographical setting 2mks k Solemn serious grave somber melancholic mood. My fathers..it is a shameful thing fro my wife to leave ..prevent it 1mk Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow: wolololoyaye Mama yoo! Biuru une! Come and see! The strangers were taken to the chief s house and the older people saw that their faces were solemn .they couldn t be bearers of good news. We greet you, o chief Owour .We are people sent by sirikal, the government, with a message for you. The white garbed one who was obviously the spokesman declared. And who, may I ask, is this sirikal? I ve never heard of him. Said the chief baffled. You may have heard that the country is being ruled by white people now .They, with the help of some black people, have formed something like the council of jodongo, only much bigger, to make sure that everyone lives in peace according to the new law .This is sirikal. Is that so? A Explain what had caused the outburst at the beginning of the extra? 2marks b What is strange about the chief s question? 2marks c Comment on the use of local dialect in this excerpt. 4 marks d Describe the different moods depicted in the excerpt. 4 marks e Identify with illustrations one theme from the excerpt. 2 marks f Illustrate a character trait of the strangers and of the older men. 4 marks g In note form state what the messengers had to say to the chief in this excerpt. 5 marks h Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the excerpt: 2marks i solemn ii garbedPossible Responsesa Strange men in strange dresses .Long garb reaching his ankles and a skull cap had arrived in the village .The children, who were naked, thought this was funny.


4 marks e Identify with illustrations one theme from the excerpt. 2 marks f Illustrate a character trait of the strangers and of the older men. 4 marks g In note form state what the messengers had to say to the chief in this excerpt. 5 marks h Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the excerpt: 2marks i solemn ii garbedPossible Responsesa Strange men in strange dresses .Long garb reaching his ankles and a skull cap had arrived in the village .The children, who were naked, thought this was funny. B The chief thinks sirikal is a person the chief is part of the sirikal but he does not know it . C The local dialect Wolololoyaye! Mama yoo ! Biuru une! -. Injects life into the narration making it enjoyable. -. It adds local flavour and provides variety. -. It provides social and geographical setting. D First there is excitement when people see strangers dressed in a funny attire .Then there is tenseness as the elders notice the strangers look sad solemn They conclude that they cannot be bearers of good news. E Theme of change anew form of government is in place. F Strange men respectful courteous they greet the chief in a respectful mannerWise they first give background information before breaking the bad news. Older men-observant discerning they notice that faces of the strangers are sad and conclude that they cannot be bearers of good news. G The message is that:-A clan of Jo-jerman and Jo-ingreza had been hard at war against each other. -Young people had joined to help and from the chief s village, Obura, Ambere Kongoso and Nyaroche Siwal, had gone. -They went to fight Jo-jerman in a place called Tanganyika-Only Nyaroche survived and is a beggar at Kisumu. -The government the white people had given a bracelet as a thank you in memory of the fallen menh Solemn-sad seriousGarbed dressed adornedRead the following extract and answer the questions that follow:The envelope had been addressed to mark who opened it, read the letter and passed it to her. At least she is from the country, he said sounding a bit odd.


-They went to fight Jo-jerman in a place called Tanganyika-Only Nyaroche survived and is a beggar at Kisumu. -The government the white people had given a bracelet as a thank you in memory of the fallen menh Solemn-sad seriousGarbed dressed adornedRead the following extract and answer the questions that follow:The envelope had been addressed to mark who opened it, read the letter and passed it to her. At least she is from the country, he said sounding a bit odd. She looked at him and then lowered her eyes to the letter. It was characteristically Aoro brief and to the point. She felt kind of sorry to Mark. First there had been Becky who had left home unceremoniously only to return with a white man in tow. A very nice man but apparently not nice enough for Becky. He had found out that she was having an affair during his trips abroad and had sued for divorce. Now she was living alone with the children, financially well off, but unhappy. It was one thing to enjoy the thrills of an affair, but a different thing altogether to have a carte blanche to do exactly as you pleased. John had been terribly hurt of course and mark had been furious with her. Then Tony had joined priesthood Mark resisted it at first but recently, during Tony s ordination he had been full of pride for his son whose face had shone with joy and youthful dedication. Vera s case had been the hardest to accept. Mark thought of the world of Vera, and deferred to her in everything. Then she had arrived home one day and declared that she wanted to join the catholic prelature of Opus Dei as a non marrying member. But he had eventually accepted because he loved her. Because she looked so radiant. Anything that could bring such joy and serenity could not be that bad. It was a pity though that she did not wear a veil or a habit. That way he could at least have bragged about her a little to his friends. His children were a source of great envy to his less lucky friends. Vera for one was a fully qualified electronics expert and had a lucrative job in the city with large salary and all sorts of benefits. Women like that tended to marry the most amazing wimps and Mark had held his breath in fear.


His children were a source of great envy to his less lucky friends. Vera for one was a fully qualified electronics expert and had a lucrative job in the city with large salary and all sorts of benefits. Women like that tended to marry the most amazing wimps and Mark had held his breath in fear. But in the end all Vera wanted was to dedicate her life and her work to God, and there was no turning her back. So Elizabeth secretly hoped that Aoro would bring home a nice girl naturally a Luo like himself who would proceed to have many children all a nice, ordinary black colour. Briefly state the contents of the letter mentioned. 3marks In point form summarize why Elizabeth pities Mark in this excerpt. 4marks Discuss the irony brought out in this excerpt 4marks Identify and illustrate three character traits of Mark evident in this excerpt. 6 marks Comment on the thematic concerns that are depicted in this extract. 4 marks His children were a source of great envy to his less lucky friends. Rewrite as an interrogative statement 1mark Elizabeth secretly hoped that Aoro would bring home a nice girl .,. Does he? Discuss with illustrations from elsewhere in the novel. 3 marks Possible Responses- Aoro has finished his internship successfully 1He has one month leave 1 and will visit home on 28th 1He will bring along wandia, 1 a doctor the girl he intends to marry - Becky leaves home unceremoniously and marries a white man 1She Becky gets into an affair and is divorced 1Vera joins the Opus - Dei as a non marrying member 1Tony joins priesthood 1Aoro intends to marry a girl from another ethnic tribe 1-Mark expects Vera and tony to marry but they don t It is ironical that John ,Becky s husband is a good husband yet she gets into an affair that leads to divorce It is ironical that Becky is financially well off yet she is unhappy. It is ironical that well educated women with good jobs end up marrying the most amazing wimps instead of men like them. Men who are well educated i Accommodating 1 Mark resisted it at first ..


Rewrite as an interrogative statement 1mark Elizabeth secretly hoped that Aoro would bring home a nice girl .,. Does he? Discuss with illustrations from elsewhere in the novel. 3 marks Possible Responses- Aoro has finished his internship successfully 1He has one month leave 1 and will visit home on 28th 1He will bring along wandia, 1 a doctor the girl he intends to marry - Becky leaves home unceremoniously and marries a white man 1She Becky gets into an affair and is divorced 1Vera joins the Opus - Dei as a non marrying member 1Tony joins priesthood 1Aoro intends to marry a girl from another ethnic tribe 1-Mark expects Vera and tony to marry but they don t It is ironical that John ,Becky s husband is a good husband yet she gets into an affair that leads to divorce It is ironical that Becky is financially well off yet she is unhappy. It is ironical that well educated women with good jobs end up marrying the most amazing wimps instead of men like them. Men who are well educated i Accommodating 1 Mark resisted it at first .. He had been full of pride for his son but he had eventually accepted .. He eventually accepts Tony s and Vera s choices 1ii Concerned women were like that .. Mark held his breath in fear, He fears that Vera might marry a wimp like the other educated women. Iii Supportive anything that could bring such joy and serenity could not be that bad He allows Vera to join the Opus Dei because she is happy there. Iv Loving caring - ...he had eventually accepted because he loved her, v Boastful That way he could at least have bragged about her a little to his friends, i Religion - Vera joint the catholic prelature of Opus Dei as a non marrying member. Tony had joined priesthoodii Betrayal unfaithfulness immorality Becky moves around with other men when herhusband is not around.


Iii Supportive anything that could bring such joy and serenity could not be that bad He allows Vera to join the Opus Dei because she is happy there. Iv Loving caring - ...he had eventually accepted because he loved her, v Boastful That way he could at least have bragged about her a little to his friends, i Religion - Vera joint the catholic prelature of Opus Dei as a non marrying member. Tony had joined priesthoodii Betrayal unfaithfulness immorality Becky moves around with other men when herhusband is not around. Iii Gender parity equity Vera is a fully qualified electronics expert works in a male dominated career Vera does not marry. Iv Love Mark loves his children and wants the best for them, which makes him accept thechoices they make in life. Were his children a source of great envy to his less lucky friends? Yes, 1 Aoro brings home a nice girl for Wandia is:i Respectful - during her first visit, she interacts with both mark and Elizabeth with lots of respect 1ii Dependable Takes care of Becky s children after her death. 1iii Friendly she becomes very good friends with Elizabeth and Vera. 1iv Loving caring She takes good care of her large family despite being a career woman 1Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow:Thirty head! Exclaimed Aloo in disbelief. Yes, thirty head! Declared the uncompromising chief. But that is two and half times the usual bride price. Even for Akoko, it was too much. Let them show us that my daughter is not going to starve in that wasteland they call a home . They trooped back into the hut and the negotiations began in earnest. Brothers, people of Sakwa, we are pleased to welcome you to Yimbo. It is customary, because of the good dak between us, for you to marry our daughters and we yours. We are therefore more than neighbours, we have great wat between us because of the intermingling of blood though this has not occurred between our two lines so there is no danger of brother marrying sister - great taboo.


Brothers, people of Sakwa, we are pleased to welcome you to Yimbo. It is customary, because of the good dak between us, for you to marry our daughters and we yours. We are therefore more than neighbours, we have great wat between us because of the intermingling of blood though this has not occurred between our two lines so there is no danger of brother marrying sister - great taboo. Since you are our brother, we will not make things difficult for you. Here he stopped to take a sip of kong o and you could have heard the ants talk, so great was the silence. However, nobody was fooled by his sweet words. He continued, enjoying immensely the tension he was creating. Our daughter, Adoyo Obanda is a great beauty whose assets have been praised and sung by many a nyatiti singer from here to Chumbu Kombit, from Sakwa to Loka Nam. She is as fleet as a gazelle and her flying feet have been incorporated into the saying of our village so that mothers sending their daughters on errand tell them to run like Adoyo of the flying feet. She has been carefully brought up and has been taught all the requirements of chik. She is a very apt pupil and will therefore not bring shame and ruin to her husband by improper conduct. Her antecedents are peerless for she can trace her blood line clear to Ramogi our great father and her blood is pure for we have always taken care to marry correctly .She is also the eldest daughter of our great chief, a man of whose fame is known throughout this land. After careful consultation, we have therefore decided that thirty head of cattle should be the proper bride price. Was that an inaudible gasp from someone at the back? Chief Owuor Kembo signaled to his uncle and the old man spoke. Explain briefly what happens first before this excerpt. 2Marks State briefly what happens after this excerpt 2Marks Briefly describe the nature of the ceremony going on in this excerpt 3Marks d Identify and illustrate two character traits of Aloo K olima in this excerpt. 4Marks Identify and illustrate any two themes evident in this excerpt. 4Marks f Make notes on the qualities of Adoyo Obanda as revealed in this excerpt. 5Marks g Identify and illustrate any two features of style used in this excerpt.


4Marks Identify and illustrate any two themes evident in this excerpt. 4Marks f Make notes on the qualities of Adoyo Obanda as revealed in this excerpt. 5Marks g Identify and illustrate any two features of style used in this excerpt. 4Marks Possible Responsesa Chief Odera Gogni calls the councils of Jodongo from Sakwa outside his house for consultation about Akoko s betrothalChief Odero Gogni discloses to the council of Jodongo that he has already sent away 12 suitorsChief Odero Gogni discloses that he likes this group of suitors because the bride is of a good stock and his uncle a good spokesmanChief Odero Gogni tells Aloo K Olina to set Akoko s bride price at thirty headElders from Sakwa ask to be allowed to consult with each other outside chief Odero s houseAkoko watches what is going on from her mother s kitchen, asks to be given a piece of land to settle for she feels she might never get marriedOtieno Kembo argues against the high bride priceOwuor Kembo accepts to pay the thirty head of cattle as bride priceFormal negotiations of Akoko s bride price between the people of Sakwa and the people of YimboThe bride price has to be set depending on Akoko s outstanding attributesi TraditionAkoko has been taught all the requirements of chick tradition Traditionally a brother marrying a sister is a great tabooTraditionally elders drink Kong o during marriage negations. Alo K Olima stopped to take a sip of Kong oii Role of eldersThe council of Jodongo elders from Sakwa and that from Yimbo negotiates for Owuor Kembo s and Akoko s marriageChief Owuor Kembo s uncle an elder is the spokesman for the council of Jodongo from Sakwa . Aloo K Olima an elder is chief Odero s spokesman. Iii MarriageAkoko s marriage negotiations begin in earnestAloo K Olima sets Akoko s bride price at thirty head of cattleIt is customary, because of the good dak between us, for you to marry our daughters and we yours There is no danger of brother.


Alo K Olima stopped to take a sip of Kong oii Role of eldersThe council of Jodongo elders from Sakwa and that from Yimbo negotiates for Owuor Kembo s and Akoko s marriageChief Owuor Kembo s uncle an elder is the spokesman for the council of Jodongo from Sakwa .Aloo K Olima an elder is chief Odero s spokesman.iii MarriageAkoko s marriage negotiations begin in earnestAloo K Olima sets Akoko s bride price at thirty head of cattleIt is customary, because of the good dak between us, for you to marry our daughters and we yours There is no danger of brother. Marrying a sister a great taboo. Aloo K OlimaConsiderate exclaims at the high bride price thirty head chief Odero wants set for AkokoRespectful Address the people of Sakwa as; Brothers, people of SakwaInformed - quotes from Chik that brother marrying a brother is a great taboo and Akoko has been taught all the requirements of chik. Intelligent skillful skillfully addresses the people of Sakwa using sweet words. Skillfully describes Akoko s attributes to the people of Sakwa. A great beauty is praised by many Nyatiti singersFast swift she is as fleet as a gazelleA good role model mothers sending their daughters on errands tell them to run like AkokoApt she is very apt pupilPure her blood is pre .Direct address brothers Local dialect da, k wat, kong o, nyatiti, chikSuspense .So great was the silenceSimile ..as fleet as a gazellePersonification you could have heard the ants talk ..Metaphor her flying fleet.


BETRAYAL IN THE CITY BY FRANCIS IMBUGATHE AUTHORFrancis David Imbuga 1947- November, 2013 was one of the greatest literary giants. For three decades, he taught at Kenyatta University where he was the Director of quality Assurance, Chairman of the Department of Literature and the Dean of the Faculty of Arts. Francis Imbuga studied at Alliance High School in the 1960 s where he wrote and acted a play which won the National Beat Actor s Award. Professor Imbuga published several plays including Betrayal in the City 1976, The Successor 1979, Man of Kafira 1984, Aminata 1988, and The Return of Mgofu 2011. He has also authored two novels, Shrine of Tears, 1993 and Miracle of Remera 2005. In his works he addresses the problems of independent and post colonial African states, family relations, tradition, religion, change among other issues affecting our society today. Imbuga passed on in the year 2013. THE TITLEThe title, Betrayal in the City, fits the events of the play as this is what the people of Kafira have to live with daily. Betrayal in the City reflects the political, cultural and personal betrayal witnessed in the fictitious state of Kafira. Boss the head of state works alongside other strong cronies and sycophants like Mulili, Tumbo, Kabito, and Nicodemo to let down their citizens through ;abuse of power, negligence of duty, senseless killings, and inefficiency to create a nation of hopelessness, corruption and disregard to the local citizens hence betrayal in the nation of Kafira. The government is run by scandalous and corrupt leaders and under whose leadership the hopes of independence for the people of Kafira are dashed. Betrayal in the City is characterized by all sorts of ills in society, namely: murder, misrule, tribalism, Nepotism, corruption, highhandedness, inefficiency, incompetence and a general atmosphere of rebellion and defiance. As the title suggests, betrayal breeds suspicion and intolerance and this creates a highly unstable environment for decent and safe living. One cannot safely determine who to trust with information hence the general feeling of betrayal among the people.


Betrayal in the City is characterized by all sorts of ills in society, namely: murder, misrule, tribalism, Nepotism, corruption, highhandedness, inefficiency, incompetence and a general atmosphere of rebellion and defiance. As the title suggests, betrayal breeds suspicion and intolerance and this creates a highly unstable environment for decent and safe living. One cannot safely determine who to trust with information hence the general feeling of betrayal among the people. THE SETTINGBetrayal in the City was first published in 1976 at a time when African states had attained their independence and were undergoing serious problems in adjusting to self-rule. The play set in the fictional country of Kafira, ruled by Boss, who surrounds himself with kinsmen like Mulili and the sharing-the-pie government officials, Tumbo, Kabito and Nicodemo. Betrayal in the city is a perfect example of many failed states in the third world, and especially in Africa. SYNOPSISBetrayal in the City is a political play. The writer examines the problems of independence and freedom in post-colonial states in Africa. The play talks about military regimes that were common on the African continent after independence. Many of such regimes were later overthrown by coup de tats. Francis Imbuga s major concern is betrayal at two levels, both at a personal and government level. Betrayal in the City shows a decay in morals, greed for power. Doga and Nina lament as they mourn their dead son, Adika and wishes to perform a ritual for their dead son. This effort is hampered by express directions from the government brought by Mulili and Jere claiming that the ritual should not go on in the interest of peace; but Doga and Nina are adamant. Their only remaining son, Jusper, is imprisoned. This shows us what is happening in Kafira - the corruption, injustice and oppression of the people. Critics of the government are not tolerated. Jere and Mosese are henceforth put into prison over false charges. They both suffer the pain of the government s betrayal. Government officials make use of any opportunity to make money through unfair means. Tumbo for instance declares Jusper the winner of the play writing competition and awards him the winner s prize money.


They both suffer the pain of the government s betrayal. Government officials make use of any opportunity to make money through unfair means. Tumbo for instance declares Jusper the winner of the play writing competition and awards him the winner s prize money. One third of the six hundred pounds to------- finance the play writing competition is given to Jusper and his girl friend, Regina; and the remaining two thirds to put records straight emphasizing that everything is being done in strict confidence. Despite all this Jusper vows to revenge someday even if it means going it alone since he knows that a University student is not a very welcome person in Kafira and is looked at as a nuisance. Government officials first think of what they are going to benefit before deliberating on matters of state. What first preoccupies their mind is how much they are going to gain. Being a relative to Boss gives Mulili a chance to despise his colleagues in service. Mulili falsely accuses Kabito knowing that Boss will believe what he says since he has been made to be his eyes and ears on the ground as he puts it. He is also favoured by Boss in many ways. The semi-illiterate Mulili sometimes completely misunderstands and distorts what is said to him and yet threatens to act basing on the strength of that misunderstanding. Boss trust of those who advise him especially Mulili makes him give unbearable directives to silence those presumably against his government including the simple old couple who were innocent. Boss also tries to take advantage of Regina forcefully. Such scandals speak unfavourably of the Head of State. Nicodemo and Tumbo discuss the state of affairs and how people are being killed: We have no choice. Like caged animals, we move, but only inside the cage. It has become infectious-the desire to eliminate others This clearly implies that there are serious consequences of criticizing the government s plans. The play within the play, Betrayal in the City, brings about the desired change that everybody has been waiting for. The rehearsal for the play intended to entertain the visiting Head of state becomes a real confrontation arrived at effortlessly by Jusper, Mosese, and Jere; taking everyone by surprise. ACT SUMMARIESACT ONESCENE ONEThe scene is at grave surrounded by dry thorny branches. It is early morning. Doga and Nina are next to the grave of their late son, Adika who was murdered. Doga suspects that their son s murderer still lives among them.


It is early morning. Doga and Nina are next to the grave of their late son, Adika who was murdered. Doga suspects that their son s murderer still lives among them. His suspicion arises from the smell of petrol at the site and the fact that the grave has a crack, an indication that the murderer s intention was to burn Adika s body to rid himself of Adika s ghost hunting him in future. Their only, living son, Jusper, was to guard the grave but this morning he cannot be traced. Nina is fearful for her son, who, according to them is not of sound mind. Her fears are heightened when she is made to notice that there seems to have been a struggle at the grave. Doga wants to cover up the crack on the grave so that the shaving ceremony planned to take place later in the day goes on but Nina will hear none of this. After much persuasion from the husband, she gives in and goes for soil to cover up the crack. From Doga s speech, we hear that Adika was shot four times during a demonstration by Kafira University students who were protesting that most of the Kafira university lectures are expatriates. During Adika s burial, his brother, Jusper, was taken away by government agents for being a threat to peace-loving people and after returning three months later, he is never the same. Jusper enters, dressed in a red gown. He is obviously disturbed by his brother s death. He is seen addressing his dead brother. Nina comes back with soil and finds Jusper at the grave. Doga is hiding behind the bush. She tells Jusper to go and remove the red gown as the shaving ceremony was about to start. Jusper tells his mother that he cannot put on a clean shirt after the murder and proceeds to show his parents the crack river where he threw the person he murdered but all this time, they think he is mad. Nina even, innocently and ignorantly, tells him to go and confess the act! Jusper has killed Chagaga, the person who is suspected to have killed Adika, and thrown his body in the river but Doga and Nina think he is mad. The couple s prayerful mood is interrupted by Jere and Mulili who inform them that the ceremony has been cancelled to their utter disappointment. They also inform the couple that Jusper has killed Chagaga and confessed the crime.


Who killed Adika and what is his relationship with the sub chiefWhat led to the death of Adika and how was he killedAccording to Jusper what is the difference between the sun Jupiter and Jusper and what does it representJusper tells Nina that he is going to address the rally, which rally is he talking about and what does he want to tell them. Why does Mulili and Jere come to the grave side and what is their missionMulili speaks poor non-standard English , what does this tell us about himWhat does Mulili and Jere reveal to Doga and Nina about JusperWhy does Jere support the old couple s continuing with the ceremonyMulili had allowed Mustafa to escape, what does this tell us about justice in Kafira. Identify at least two character traits of Mulili, Doga, Nina, Jere and Jusper from this scene. Identify the aspects of style used in this scene: identify the proverbs, instances of irony, use of cross purpose, monologue, and puns among others. What are some of the themes brought out in this scene? Identify the instances of Betrayal brought out in this sceneSCENE TWOACTION TAKES PLACE IN A PRISON CELLJere is pushed by an askari into a cell where he finds Mosese. Askari is fed up with Jere s inquisitive nature. He tells him that he is mad and that his inquisitive nature will not be entertained in prison and that it would make his life unbearable in prison. Jere is later informed that all inmates have to go through rehabilitation in order to be re-integrated in the society. He does not have any mental illness that would make him need any rehabilitation therefore he sarcastically tells askari that he is truly grateful and that he didn t know they took such pains. It is apparent that Mosese has decided to remain silent because silence can as well be a weapon but should he be so, the prisons authorities will demand an explanation as to what is he keeping quiet about. It is not surprising that the prison authorities don t entertain prisoners asking questions. Askari informs Mosese that Jusper has been released from jail but has nothing to go back to since his parents were found dead in their hut.


It is apparent that Mosese has decided to remain silent because silence can as well be a weapon but should he be so, the prisons authorities will demand an explanation as to what is he keeping quiet about. It is not surprising that the prison authorities don t entertain prisoners asking questions. Askari informs Mosese that Jusper has been released from jail but has nothing to go back to since his parents were found dead in their hut. When Jere and Mosese are left alone, Jere informs Mosese of the events of the previous night where he and his cellmate decided to play Pilate and Jesus. According to Jere, Pilate had humiliated Jesus by stripping him and caning him on the buttocks. Jere s co-actor cried out after receiving the canes, alerting the prison authorities who moved Jere to the cell where Mosese was after stripping him and caning him. The two cellmates Jere and Mosese take time to know each other. Mosese tells Jere how he ended up in prison. He had attended Adika s funeral where he saw firsthand the oppression by the political elite. He couldn t keep quiet, so after telling the politicians his mind, he was arrested and charged with trumped up charges of possessing drugs. He changes his name because the person who implicated him with the drugs shared a name with him. We learn of the regime s way of silencing dissenting voices, through the experiences of inmates. Mosese has been informed by askari to cooperate in the performance of a play organized for a visiting head of state and in return he might be among the six hundred prisoners who are to be released. He doesn t want to do this as acting in the play means kneeling in front of boss and pleading for mercy yet he is not guilty. Prisoners are also denied food and only the ones who show signs of cooperating with prison authorities are allowed privileges. This is evident when askari brings a mug of tea. The citizens of Kafira had been waiting for the kingdom for years and at last they were told it had come. According to Mosese, it was an illusion. He wonders how many people had seen the kingdom and what colour it is. Mosese is disillusioned. He says they have killed their past and were busy killing the future. He laments about the oppressive nature of boss regime. For instance, soldiers had beaten up Regina and had forced her to give false evidence against her brother, Mosese.


He says they have killed their past and were busy killing the future. He laments about the oppressive nature of boss regime. For instance, soldiers had beaten up Regina and had forced her to give false evidence against her brother, Mosese. Mosese violently wriggles and as if in a trance rises and addresses the imaginary audience. His words portray his confused state of mind. On one hand he is faced with the choice of participating in the play, a sacrificial act that will lead to the release of 600 prisoners or on the other hand hold on to his principles and reject the request to participate in the play. REVISION QUESTIONS FOR THE SCENESCENE TWOWhere do the events of this scene take placeWhy do you think Jere has been brought into the cellHow would you describe the treatment by the askari on JereJere says that the outside of this cell may well be the inside of another what does this tell about the situation in KafiraLink Pilate s situation to Jere like he puts it on page 23Why does Mosese keep staring at the wall even when Jere and the askari are talkingGive the reasons why Mosese is in prisonMosese says words have lost meaning to him and asks for the meaning of Africanisation what does this tell about the people s situation in the countryTo what level has the askari learnt and why is he doing such a jobWhy is Jusper being released and hat has just happened to his parents? Why did Jere carry a bible to the cells and how does it bring him troubleApart from being a police officer, which are the other two professions that Jere was in before? Which is item number three in the development plan and what is ironical about it? Mosese says he saw betrayal in Regina s eyes why is this soWhy is the foreign dignitary visiting and why are the prisoners supposed to perform a play for himThe askari talks of selective breeding and says you need a tall relative to get anything in the country what does this tell about KafiraMosese says it was better while we waited. Now we have nothing to look forward to what were they waiting for that they don t have and why has he lost hope? Mosese sleeps and talks and in his dream. What does this tell about him and what message do we get from his conversation with an imaginary person.


Now we have nothing to look forward to what were they waiting for that they don t have and why has he lost hope? Mosese sleeps and talks and in his dream. What does this tell about him and what message do we get from his conversation with an imaginary person. Jere says when the madness of an entire nation enters a solitary mind then its not enough to say that person is mad what does Jere mean by thisIdentify the character traits of ;Jere, Askari and Mosese in this sceneIdentify the themes brought out in this sceneIdentify and illustrate the stylistic devices used in this sceneIdentify the elements of betrayal in this sceneSCENE THREEJusper stealthily enters Regina s room without her notice and scares her. He is in his red academic gown and this heightens Regina s anger at him. She requests him to rest but he says he can t rest because the death of his whole family is in his mind. Apart from Adika, Nina and Doga were murdered in exchange for Jusper s release. He says that he will get his revenge someday. Jusper was among the university students who protested on the streets and as they did this, people shouted abusive words at them in addition to telling that they were wasting time with the protests, it is also apparent that the government will not allow Adika s photograph to be printed in the newspapers. Regina would be happy if Jusper was to keep off from trouble with the authorities. She tells him that she has only him and Mosese left in the world and if anything went wrong, they would all be wiped out. Jusper insists that they have to talk of the masses that have no voices. Regina tells Jusper of the scheduled visits to Kafira by a certain head of state. If this is to happen, then, there will be three days holiday for all in addition to the prisoners being released to mark the occasion. She has a letter from Tumbo, who is boss right-hand man. In it, boss has promised to facilitate the release of Mosese. This does not go down well with Jusper who can read mischief in the act but who nevertheless promises to beat him at his own game. Tumbo, a fat, overconfident man, enters the house. He notices through Jusper s dressing that he is among the university students who were being known for rioting.


This does not go down well with Jusper who can read mischief in the act but who nevertheless promises to beat him at his own game. Tumbo, a fat, overconfident man, enters the house. He notices through Jusper s dressing that he is among the university students who were being known for rioting. Tumbo is already familiar with Jusper s name which was signed against a student s prayer that was all about asking God to help them drop their Christian names. Tumbo warns him that if the prayer by any chances suggested changing names, Jusper would be behind bars. Jusper sarcastically wonders why this would be the case yet since change of names was item number three in the new development plan. Furthermore, boss himself has substituted his Christian name to something that no one could pronounce. Tumbo defends boss by saying that a leader requires a mysterious name that the common tongues will bleed trying to pronounce. This is pointer to Tumbo s sycophantic nature. Tumbo revisits the issue of the visit by a certain head of state to Kafira. He learns from Regina that Jusper writes plays and since they require a one-act play for the entertainment, he concludes that Jusper can write one for the occasion. Tumbo says that he would have written one himself, but being a socialist, he thought of extending the opportunity to others to show them light, to eat and let eat : from their talk, we learn that boss is a fearful and insecure man who has let advisers rule Kafira while pretending to be tough, he is hated by his own guards who will not talk about it. The worst of his advisers is his cousin Mulili who has been rewarded with a large farm for his services to the nation Boss is said to be of short temper and has a weakness for women. When Jusper is back from buying drinks, the three talked about the idea of writing a play for the entertainment of the visiting head of state, Tumbo would be glad if Jusper wrote the intended play that would highlight the achievements the country has made. Money has been set aside for a play-writing competition, now that he knows what play ought to be organized. He declares Jusper the winner of that competition and informs him that he and his sister would be given a third of the money that was to finance the competition and that Jusper would be given his prize money once the results of the competition are made public.


When Jusper is back from buying drinks, the three talked about the idea of writing a play for the entertainment of the visiting head of state, Tumbo would be glad if Jusper wrote the intended play that would highlight the achievements the country has made. Money has been set aside for a play-writing competition, now that he knows what play ought to be organized. He declares Jusper the winner of that competition and informs him that he and his sister would be given a third of the money that was to finance the competition and that Jusper would be given his prize money once the results of the competition are made public. Jusper is to write the play and ensure that the words progress and achievements appear on every other page. After Tumbo and Regina leave, Jusper reminds the audience what he holds, the fruits of independence. We get them second hand. Pg 53 REVISION QUESTIONS FOR THE SCENESCENE THREEWhere is this scene set? Why does Jusper imitate the ricocheting of guns as he enters? Why is Regina uneasy about Jusper s dressing in the red gown? What does the red gown symboliseFor what does Jusper criticize Regina and even the beggars in the streetsFor what does Jusper criticize the mediaAccording to Jusper why was Adika killed and why is Mosese and Jere in prisonWhy is Regina critical about people voicing their concerns against the governmentWhat do we deduce learn from Jusper and Reginas conversation about the intended visit by the foreign head of stateWhy does Jusper pretend to be Regina s cousin when Tumbo calls in? Jusper asks Regina are you sure this is not a trick-some sort of a trap? Why is Jusper critical about Tumbo s helping her and what do you think the trap is? Whats wrong with Christian names and why does Jusper criticize them p39Why does Tumbo call the university students red guards? Jusper is said to have written an interesting prayer, what was it about? Tumbo says a leader should have a mysterious name that the common people will bleed trying to pronounce.


As the scene ends, Mulili swears at Kabito and issues a chilling threat to him. REVISION QUESTIONS FOR THE SCENESCENE ONEKabito is the first to arrive and sleeps in one of the chairs , what does this symbolize? Where does this scene take placeWhy is kabito asleep and why is he in foul moodWhy was Mulili given the tenderWhy is Nicodemo against the use of prisoners to entertain the guests? Why is mulili part of this committeeAccording to Tumbo what is the role of the committeeFrom the set up of the committee explain the theme of cronismFrom the discussion on their payment, what do we learn about the members of this committeeMulili says he used Boss to get the tender at the university, what does this tell about leadership in KafiraWhy are the university students not willing to participate in the entertainment programWhat brings about the conflict between Mulili and KabitoWhy does the committee go for a break and for how long is the breakIdentify the aspects of style evident in this sceneIdentify the themes in this sceneIdentify and illustrate the character traits of Tumbo, Nicodemo, Mulili and Kabito from this sceneIdentify the elements of betrayal from this scene. SCENE TWODuring the one hour break, Mulili rushes to boss to inform him about Kabito s ill deeds. He finds boss puling grey strands of hair from his head. He maligns Kabito to boss by telling him that Kabito is a green snake in the grass, has coloured boss name in blood in front of the committee, came to the meeting drunk, was shouting to everybody that boss has denied him the milk tender, says that boss has ruined Kafira s economy by hiding millions in a foreign country and that boss had tried to get Regina by force. This irks boss who accuses Kabito of sowing seeds of discord among the people. He orders Mulili to do what must be done; to silence Kabito. Mulili is only too glad to do it.


This irks boss who accuses Kabito of sowing seeds of discord among the people. He orders Mulili to do what must be done; to silence Kabito. Mulili is only too glad to do it. In fact, he tells him it is a small matter having silenced the old couple Nina and Doga REVISION QUESTIONS FOR THE SCENESCENE TWOWhere is this scene setWhy does Boss boast about his grey hairWhy has Mulili come to see BossWhat five allegations does Mulili present against KabitoFrom Mulili s allegation what ills on leadership do we learn about BossWho is Mercedes and what makes her rude to BossWhat does Boss decide shoud be done against KabitoMulili says that be small. You remember that old couple ? What did Mulili do to the old couple, on whose instructions and for what reason? Identify the themes evident in this scene? Identify the aspects of style evident in this sceneWhat are the character traits of Mulili and Kabito from this scene? Identify the elements of betrayal in this sceneSCENE THREENews about boss attempt to rape Regina has reached Jusper who now feels he can t go on with the play as he had earlier on promised Tumbo. The latter warns Jusper that this would be deemed as sabotage, hence would be too dangerous. He is warned that if he makes any mistake, he could end his university studies even after he has already lost one year. Jusper leaves but he doesn t promise boss that he is going to hide the truth. When Tumbo and Nicodemo meet to continue with the meeting after the break they are aware of Kabito s murder but they dare not say anything. Tumbo says they are aware of Kabito s murder but they dare not say anything. Tumbo says they are like caged animals who move but only inside the cage. They pretend not to know anything about the death when Mulili enters. He pretends to be shocked and saddened by Kabito s death which he says was as result of Kabito being under the influence of alcohol. Nicodemo wonders how one can get drunk in the space of one hour and Mulili foolishly says that people said that his breath smelled of spirits. When presses further by Nicodemo who wonders about the mention of breath yet Kabito was dead, Mulili retorts that he didn t say breath but his body smelled whiskies.


He pretends to be shocked and saddened by Kabito s death which he says was as result of Kabito being under the influence of alcohol. Nicodemo wonders how one can get drunk in the space of one hour and Mulili foolishly says that people said that his breath smelled of spirits. When presses further by Nicodemo who wonders about the mention of breath yet Kabito was dead, Mulili retorts that he didn t say breath but his body smelled whiskies. He goes ahead to say that boss wept when he heard of the death and has already declared one road to be called Kabito road. Nicodemo suggests that they should call off the meeting and wonders whether the day would be counted. Despite the solemnness of the occasion, the members of the committee seem to be more pre-occupied with concerns of seeking avenues of making money. This is a pointer to their greed and materialistic nature. REVISION QUESTIONS FOR THE SCENESCENE THREEWhere is this scene setWhat had happened to Regina, why was it necessary for Regina to meet Boss and what transpired after thatWhy is Boss s wife locked up after the incidentWhy does Jusper want to pull out of the programmeWhat does Jusper stand to lose if he withdraws from the directing of the playWhy does Tumbo caution Jusper against standing for truth and justiceWhat has happened to Kabito during the breakWhat is the cause of Kabito s death according to MuliliWhat do you gather from Mulili s incoherent and apparent confused explanation of Kabito s deathExplain Tumbo s assertion that like caged animals , we move,but only inside the cage Why is the meeting called offHow do the other committee members express their respet for the dead KabitoNicodemo asks whether they will be paid for that day, what does that tellus about his characterIdentify the themes evident in this sceneIdentify the aspects of style used in this sceneIdentify the character traits of Jusper, Tumbo, Mulili and Nicodemo from this sceneIdentify the elements of betrayal from this sceneSCENE FOURTHE REHEARSALThe stage is set for the final rehearsal of the play meant to entertain the visiting head of state. Tumbo wants everything to go on well as he fears to disappoint boss who is already in a foul mood.


This is a pointer to their greed and materialistic nature. REVISION QUESTIONS FOR THE SCENESCENE THREEWhere is this scene setWhat had happened to Regina, why was it necessary for Regina to meet Boss and what transpired after thatWhy is Boss s wife locked up after the incidentWhy does Jusper want to pull out of the programmeWhat does Jusper stand to lose if he withdraws from the directing of the playWhy does Tumbo caution Jusper against standing for truth and justiceWhat has happened to Kabito during the breakWhat is the cause of Kabito s death according to MuliliWhat do you gather from Mulili s incoherent and apparent confused explanation of Kabito s deathExplain Tumbo s assertion that like caged animals , we move,but only inside the cage Why is the meeting called offHow do the other committee members express their respet for the dead KabitoNicodemo asks whether they will be paid for that day, what does that tellus about his characterIdentify the themes evident in this sceneIdentify the aspects of style used in this sceneIdentify the character traits of Jusper, Tumbo, Mulili and Nicodemo from this sceneIdentify the elements of betrayal from this sceneSCENE FOURTHE REHEARSALThe stage is set for the final rehearsal of the play meant to entertain the visiting head of state. Tumbo wants everything to go on well as he fears to disappoint boss who is already in a foul mood. Boss, has, as a result of his bad temper, locked up his wife in the palace cell. Jusper informs Tumbo that all will go on well and that Mosese was cooperative during the previous night s rehearsal. Jusper says that he is in the play because he realized that the problems of kafira cannot be solved by isolation. According to him, if the play succeeds, he will have demonstrated that determination is greater in worth than numbers. Tumbo would prefer that boss doesn t know that the play is written by Jusper who hopes that the release of a few prisoners, after the success of the play, will change Kafira. Jusper is able to see the hypocrisy of the ruling elite. The release of a few prisoners is meant to improve the image of Kafira to the eyes of the world. This according to him is only the truth.


Jusper is able to see the hypocrisy of the ruling elite. The release of a few prisoners is meant to improve the image of Kafira to the eyes of the world. This according to him is only the truth. Boss joins them in the preparation of the rehearsal and Jusper tells him the play is about an army cadet who is promoted to the rank of captain within six months of enrolment. During the pass-out parade he shoots his colleague accidentally because he doesn t know how to handle a gun. It is later realised that he is not a relative of the army commander as it had been thought. As the rehearsal starts, Boss volunteers to read the part of the chief of staff since the prisoner who had been allocated the role could not be present as he had stomach troubles. He also orders askari to untie the hands of Jere and Mosese so that they can join the rehearsal, Mosese the junior soldier argues with Jere the captain over which gun is shorter than the other; a. 32 or a 28. They go to their chief of staff boss to help unravel the mystery. He tells them to each take a gun and show it to him. The guns are now in the hands of Jere and Mosese! Their plan has succeeded. On realizing that he has been tricked, boss shouts to the guards but Jere tells him he has no guards. Jusper thinks that boss is dead and is about to go and design a coffin but is stopped by Mosese who tell boss to see what he had done to Jusper. Because of fear, Mulili betrays boss. He says that boss ought to be killed because he has taken everything in his hands, has spoiled Kafira s economy, and has ruled for too long and killed Kabito. Boss cannot stand the betrayal so he tells Jere to shoot him. Jere tells boss that their interest is not to see human blood but to provide a mirror for Kafira to reflect the real faces of Kafira s front men. He says that they must also learn to sacrifice themselves for a better future. Mosese says that their achievement is largely because of the inefficiency of Tumbo. Jere gives boss the gun that he can shoot him Jere but boss declines. Jusper then takes the gun and shoots Mulili dead. He says that he did it for Kafira. Before the play ends, the ghosts of Doga and Nina enter the stage.


Jusper then takes the gun and shoots Mulili dead. He says that he did it for Kafira. Before the play ends, the ghosts of Doga and Nina enter the stage. Mulili s death seems to have appeased Doga and Nina. REVISION QUESTIONS FOR THE SCENESCENE FOURwhere is this scene setwhy is Boss s wife locked up? What is the level of preparedness for the presentation of the playTumbo doesn t know what the play is even about, what does this tell us about himwhy was Jusper thown out of his position as student leader why does Tumbo suggest that they keep the fact that Jusper is the writer of the play a secretJusper says that he doesn t want the prisoners to come from the prison into another prison, what does this tell us about the society of KafiraWhat warning does Boss give to Jusper for the university studentsWhy is Boss scornful of the university studentsWhat did Boss do as a reaction to the students protest on employment of expatriatesAccording to Jusper s explanation to Boss what is the play the prisoners are going to present about? Jusper s play within a play exposes the character traits of several characters. Identify and explain themWhy does Boss offer himself for the position of chief of staff and what happened to the one supposed to take that roleWhy are the prisoners given real guns and what does this tell us about the state officialsGive a synopsis of the play the prisoners enacthow do the prisoners manage to take over the governmentWhy does Mulili try to escapeHow does Mulili betray Boss and what allegations does he present against BossWhy is Boss spared and Mulili killedAfter killing Mulili, Jusper says I did it for Kafira, I did it for all of you people what is the meaning of this statementWhat is the significance of the reappearance of Doga and Nina and their freezing as they point at Mulili s body at the end of the play. Identify the stylistic devices used in this sceneIdentify the elements of betrayal in this sceneTHEMESBETRAYALBetrayal is the act of being disloyal or being deceitful towards someone. Its about going against the trust that someone has on another. The head of state in Kafira Boss has betrayed the people s trust in him.


Identify the stylistic devices used in this sceneIdentify the elements of betrayal in this sceneTHEMESBETRAYALBetrayal is the act of being disloyal or being deceitful towards someone. Its about going against the trust that someone has on another. The head of state in Kafira Boss has betrayed the people s trust in him. He is supposed to protect the country s sovereignty by creating job opportunities for his subjects, but instead he has facilitated the influx of expatriate personnel into the country. When the university students protest he deliberately sends in an order for three hundred more expatriate personnel. Under his rule , sycophancy, cronyism, corruption, nepotism, and persecution of perceived opponents have become the order of the day. He orders the killing of Kabito. He is also responsible for the death of Doga and Nina as well as the arrest of Mosese, Askari says .....we calculated that two mature strokes would ease the tension. It worked perfectly. This is where the research stations come in, pg 19 Appointments are not based on merit. According to Tumbo, membership of the entertainment committee is based on the appointees unflinching loyalty to Boss who buys loyalty by handsomely rewarding individuals. For instance, Mulili is rewarded with acres of land and grade cattle. Another incident of betrayal is when Kabito, a fellow member of the entertainment committee is betrayed to Boss by Mulili. Mulili comes up with fictitious reasons for getting rid of Kabito. The allegations are outrageous to say the least. He says that Kabito has complained that Boss has robbed him of the milk tender, he has ruined the economy, he hides millions in foreign countries, and that he tried to get Regina by force. In fact, Mulili should be the green snake on the grass that her refers to. By having Kabito killed, he betrays both men. Mulili betrays his colleague, Jere who gets arrested because he opposed the farmer s brutality towards Doga and Nina, A part from his name-calling and callous nature; he gets Jere into trouble when all he wanted to do was to assist the old couple. Boss betrays the trust Regina has for him. Regina honours her meeting with Boss since she believes hw the only one who can secure the release of her brother Mosese.


Mulili betrays his colleague, Jere who gets arrested because he opposed the farmer s brutality towards Doga and Nina, A part from his name-calling and callous nature; he gets Jere into trouble when all he wanted to do was to assist the old couple. Boss betrays the trust Regina has for him. Regina honours her meeting with Boss since she believes hw the only one who can secure the release of her brother Mosese. Unfortunately, Boss forcefully tries to get her and she is forced to escape by jumping out of a ten foot high window. Mosese thinks that it would be an act of betrayal for Regina to plead for his release. Pleading to Boss for mercy would mean that he is guilty yet he is not. According to Mosese acting is tantamount to betraying their cause. He further argues that they are out to cause change in Kafira and even silence to him is a weapon. REVENGEMany characters are seen to be involved in various actions against each other in an attempt to avenge wrongs done against themJusper avenges the death of his brother Adika by killing Chagaga the sub chief s brother the man who had apparently killed Adika by shooting him four times. Jere tells Jusper s parents that people had seen him drag the body to the river pg 12Jere pleads with Mulili to allow the old couple continue with the ceremony. Mulili vehemently refuses and even imitates a priest s burial liturgy an action that infuriates Jere who chases him away and even threatens to shot him. Mulili threatens him that he shall pay for his actions and true to his words Jere s put behind bars. After killing Chagaga and being put behind bars, Jusper s parents are found dead an indication that someone had further avenged the killing of Chagaga. Jusper further says, I will revenge someday pg 33 to which we see him killing Mulli at the end of the play who must have been involved in the killings. During the meeting by the committee organizing for the entertainment for the visiting dignitary, there is a quarrel and bitter exchange over an apparent misunderstanding between Kabito and Mulili. Muili reports Kabito to Boss with many false allegations and this leads to the killing of Kabito. At the end of the play Jusper is seen shooting Mulili dead.


During the meeting by the committee organizing for the entertainment for the visiting dignitary, there is a quarrel and bitter exchange over an apparent misunderstanding between Kabito and Mulili. Muili reports Kabito to Boss with many false allegations and this leads to the killing of Kabito. At the end of the play Jusper is seen shooting Mulili dead. His is because Mulili is a symbol of the ills that have affected the state of Kafira. In fact Jusper says on p74 that I did it for Kafira THE ROLE OF THE ELITESThe elites in any society should be actively involved in emancipating their societies from downfall especially occasioned by poor leadership. The same happens in the state of Kafira through various characters. The university students led by Adika are seen demonstrating against the influx of expatriates in the country. This is because this has been the leading cause of unemployment. This however leads to the death of Adika but it s important to notice that they had expressed their misgivings against the government. Through Mosese we also find that the elites are almost giving up on the government and even turning their backs to the going ons in the state. This is seen in Mosese s words when asked why he is showing his back to Jere and the askari to which he answers I have no front. However we see him speaking out his mind against the oppression I the state which leads to his imprisonment on trumped up charges. Mosese in his trance dream agrees to participate in the play together with Jere another elite. It is evident that it is through their role in the play that they manage to bring order to the state of Kafira by ousting and killing the evil element in government in Mulili. Jusper an elite is actively involved in ousting the oppressive regime it is he who writes the controversial play through which they overthrow the government. It is him still who shoots Mulili the evil element and hence hope for Kafira as he says at the end of the play that, I did it for Kafira. I did it for all of you people. Pg 74CORRUPTIONThe government officials are corrupt through and through. The head of state boss puts Mulili, a cousin of jis, in a senior government position so that he can inform him on every intricate detail in the government.


It is him still who shoots Mulili the evil element and hence hope for Kafira as he says at the end of the play that, I did it for Kafira. I did it for all of you people. Pg 74CORRUPTIONThe government officials are corrupt through and through. The head of state boss puts Mulili, a cousin of jis, in a senior government position so that he can inform him on every intricate detail in the government. The man is illiterate and a non-performer who is determined to amass wealth for himself. He is inconsiderate and will do anything to earn acres of farmland and cattle. Boss is corrupt. He practices nepotism and gives high government positions to unqualified relatives who work as his spies. He also employs many expatriates in public universities at the expense of the local citizens. Boss has amassed so much wealth from the state through corrupt deals and kept millions in foreign bank accounts. Tumbo also fails to conduct a play writing competition and instead chooses Jusper and pays him only a third of the money. He pockets the rest claiming that it is for settling records straight. He does not read through the written play and out of his inefficiency, it turns out to be an avenue for the prisoners to eliminate Mulili and expose Boss. He also intends to extend the entertainment committee s session in order to earn more sitting allowance. Jusper is a frustrated student who, like all the rest, has no hope of finding a job in Kafira since most of them go to expatriates. He tells Tumbo that during the holiday he would sit in the house and vegetate since the state regards the youth as neither children nor adults but fence sitters. Boss intention is to use the expatriate as an opportunity to gain more foreign aid. There is tribalism and nepotism within the government. While offering Mosese tea in the cell Askari says, Here, tea with milk yet you don t even belong to my tribe. You need a tall relative to get anything these days pg 27 only those with relatives working in the government can survive in this state. While the entertainment committee meets Nicodemo tries to find out about what they will make out of it. He asks..... what size of potato per hour? He is also interested in finding out how many days they would use.


You need a tall relative to get anything these days pg 27 only those with relatives working in the government can survive in this state. While the entertainment committee meets Nicodemo tries to find out about what they will make out of it. He asks..... what size of potato per hour? He is also interested in finding out how many days they would use. How many working days..... Kabito suggest that they should meet every day until the visiting head of state arrives and even after the visit. Government officials are corrupt. Each is thinking of how to amass wealth. Mulili is granted the milk tender because he is boss cousin. It is not given to those that qualified. Kabito is corrupt. He spends the whole night trying to bribe the tendering committee yet he lost the tender. He says .....I spent the whole of last night being nice to people. Pg 51 To get money in this state in this state one doesn t have to be educated, One must have brains to this of unscrupulous ways of getting money. Tumbo tells Jusper on pg 50 ..........you need a different kind of this. LACK OF TRUTH AND JUSTICEThere is an inherent fear of speaking the truth a-in the entire play thus leading to miscarriage of Justice. Those who have spoken the truth have not lived to see their tomorrow but have been brutally exterminated like vermin. A case in point is Adika, a student leader who is shot dead to silence the students who are protesting about the influx of expatriate personnel into the country. A Young man s life is so brutally brought to an abrupt end because he chooses to purse the truth in order to attain justice for the greater good of Kafira state. The student s lecturer decides to speak the truth during the burial by telling the politicians off when they decide to place restrictions on the mourners. But because speaking one s mind is not a crime, they plant a drug, one kilogram of opium in his car and get him imprisoned, This is a serious case of intolerance and miscarriage of justice. Doga and Nina are murdered in their own hut because they dared challenge one of Boss; closest advisers, Mulili, who is also his relative. They intended to carry out a simple shaving ceremony by the graveside of their murdered son but Mulili declared it a government property.


But because speaking one s mind is not a crime, they plant a drug, one kilogram of opium in his car and get him imprisoned, This is a serious case of intolerance and miscarriage of justice. Doga and Nina are murdered in their own hut because they dared challenge one of Boss; closest advisers, Mulili, who is also his relative. They intended to carry out a simple shaving ceremony by the graveside of their murdered son but Mulili declared it a government property. When they seem not to notice his authority, he has them murdered just to prove who holds sway in this country. When Adika s murderer, Chagaga he visits the grave to burn the body with petrol, he least expects Jusper to be guarding it. In the struggle that ensues, he gets killed and his body is dumped in the river by Jusper, A court of law should have ordered for a medical examination to determine the mental health of the young man prior to the killing. However, because Chagaga happens to be the sub-chief s brother, Jusper is locked up in prison. Mulili cannot tolerate an argument, even a logical one from Kabito with whom he holds a grudge. He misreports him to Boss who orders his death. There is no way a truthful person like Kabito would survive in these circumstances. Boss own wife, Mercedes, is locked up in a cell for protesting against her husband s moral standing. He even blames Kabito for inciting the woman to defy him. MISUSE OF POWER BAD GOVERNANCE AND MISRULEThe ruling elite in Kafira is perpetuating cronyism, nepotism .corruption and intimidation of opponents in order to cling to power. Mulili yields a lot of influence due to the fact that he is Boss cousin. Kabito refers to him as an army-drop out and a second rate farmer. Ordinary people cannot carry out their normal ceremonies without government interference. Doga and Nina, two innocent and bereaved citizens cannot carry out a simple ceremony for their dead son. The government sends two soldiers, Jere and Mulili to bar them from doing so. They are even murdered as a result. Individuals are forced to take law into their hands since justice favours those connected to those in power. Jusper kills Chagaga in order to avenge the killing if his brother Adika. Chagaga happens to be the sub-chief s brother.


Individuals are forced to take law into their hands since justice favours those connected to those in power. Jusper kills Chagaga in order to avenge the killing if his brother Adika. Chagaga happens to be the sub-chief s brother. Mulili says All small murders get arrested. Like Jusper faces the full brunt of the law while big murderers like Mulili get away scot free due to political patronage. The fact that Boss relies on the likes of Mulili, Tumbo, Kabito and Nicodemo to render good and sustainable opinion and advice to the government tells the extent of the rot in this system. Mulili is barely coherent and there are lots of inconsistencies in his utterances. He is a liar and a cheat, a fraud who any right thinking leader should distance himself from. Tumbo, Kabito and Nicodemo only think about their daily allowances and are determined to meet as long as it takes in order to reap as much. Tumbo s remark at the end of the play puts what ails the state in plain terms, I am truly sorry, but I am not entirely to blame, I was trained, but given the wrong job . Pg 74 This remark points an accusing finger at the appointing authority. The likes of Mulili should not be in government. Mulili uses his relationship with Boss to secure tenders and amass wealth. He manages to reverse the termination of his tender by soliciting assistance from boss. Nicodemo says that Mulili bullied his way into securing the university tender pg 51 Appointments to government positions are based on one s closeness to Boss. Tumbo tells members of the entertainment committee, I trust gentlemen that you know why you sit on this committee. You were nominated for one reason: Your unflinching support for our government pg 52-53 It is evident that Mulili, Tumbo, Kabito and Nicodemo are Boss sycophants. Mulili s unflinching support for Boss is rewarded with farm land and grade cattle. Tumbo is mandated to organize a play writing competition but instead declares Jusper the winner of proposed play writing competition one third would go to Jusper and Regina and the other two thirds will be used to put the records straight. FEAR SUSPICIONFear is the unpleasant feeling caused by the possibility of danger or evil.


Mulili s unflinching support for Boss is rewarded with farm land and grade cattle. Tumbo is mandated to organize a play writing competition but instead declares Jusper the winner of proposed play writing competition one third would go to Jusper and Regina and the other two thirds will be used to put the records straight. FEAR SUSPICIONFear is the unpleasant feeling caused by the possibility of danger or evil. Actions or inaction by several characters on the play are motivated by fear. The people of Kafira live in great fear. They lack freedom of expression. They cannot understand why the likes of Jusper, Adika, and Moses talk too much and put themselves in unnecessary trouble. Beggars feel that the protestors are wasting time. Regina warns Jusper against talking too much. She does not want him to end up dead like Adika or in prison like Mosese. Jusper s red academic gown is a source of constant fear for Regina. Tumbo too gets scared of the students red gowns and he calls them the red guards. Askari warns Jere and Mosese that silence is all they need to stay out of trouble. Suspicion is created when prisoners either remain silent or talk too much. No publisher is willing to publish Jusper s play since his plays has exposed the truth too much. They can only be published if he can hide or cover the truth. Jusper says that nobody wants things put in black and white. You need a little grey and blue here and there. Pg 47 Tumbo confesses that Jusper has a point when he says that you can t clothe truth in lies, but adds that they know better than to shout about it. They know the truth but can t dare shout about it. Tumbo is fearful of boss. He does not wish to disappoint. He says that Boss is in a foul mood. He wants the play to go on as scheduled. He also wouldn t want Boss to know that the writer of the play to be acted is Jusper. Boss advisers hate him but they do not want to talk beyond whispers. Tumbo says that until people like Mulili are out, it is dangerous to do things differently from what is expected in Kafira. Regina fears going to see Boss to plead for Mosese s release because she is afraid of him. She fears that something will go wrong if he see her. Regina fears for Juspers safety.


Regina fears going to see Boss to plead for Mosese s release because she is afraid of him. She fears that something will go wrong if he see her. Regina fears for Juspers safety. She pleads with him to stop clashing with the authorities. She tells him, Jusper, no good will come out of this struggle. Like you I only have two close friends left in this world. You and my brother, but my brother is inside. If anything should go wrong, we ll be wiped out. Pg 34 Mulili is threatened by Jusper and Mosese at the end of the play to a point of denying having any close relationship with Boss. He is fearful that he might he killed but sure enough he is shot dead. Earlier he had intended to sneak out purportedly to go for a call of nature. The head if state is shocked by the turn of events and fears that all evils will be exposed by the prisoners. He begs to be killed. He would rather face death than the consequences of his deeds. When Nicodemo suggests that Kabito should report the issue of losing his tender, Kabito remarks that reporting Mulili to Boss is tantamount to digging one s own grave. When Kabito questions Mulili s presence on the committee, Tumbo says that Kabito should know better than that and in any case, the question was not in the agenda. Tumbo and Nicodemo know that Mulili is responsible for Kabito s death but they cannot dare say anything. Like caged animals, we move, but only inside the cage. Pg 62 HYPOCRISYHypocrisy refers to pretence that one has qualities, beliefs or feelings that they do not really have. Prisoners are taking part in the play to entertain the visiting head of state to show national unity. The government is trying to show the impression that prisoners are actively involved in nation building. This may have not been the case earlier since Nicodemo says they are now being treated as if they do not belong to this world. The main reason for Boss decision to have the prisoners take part in the play is to potray the country in positive light to ensure foreign investment. A successful visit will make it possible for the role of the negotiators to be heard. Mulili pretends to be shocked by the news that Kabito is dead.


The main reason for Boss decision to have the prisoners take part in the play is to potray the country in positive light to ensure foreign investment. A successful visit will make it possible for the role of the negotiators to be heard. Mulili pretends to be shocked by the news that Kabito is dead. He informs Tumbo and Nicodemo that Kabito has been involved in a fatal accident during the one hour break. He pretends to be saddened by the news. He claims that the accident was caused by the victim driving under the influence of alcohol. He further claims that Boss was in tears when he heard of Kabito s death and that he had declared that a road be named after Kabito. Pg 63 By criticizing the excesses of Boss, Tumbo is being hypocritical since he is a beneficiary of Boss and his government. Tumbo seems to be making an attempt to distance himself from Boss when he says, Things will change; Boss is not at all bad at heart. His main problem is that he gets scared off too easily. Pg 44 As a result of his loyalty he is made the chairman of the committee mandated to organize for the entertainment of a visiting head of state. He also owns apartments courtesy of Boss. Tumbo pretends to be doing Regina a favour by introducing her to Boss yet he knows his Boss ridiculous weakness for women. When she gets into trouble and jumps out of a ten-feet high window, he belatedly says he will apologize to her. He pretends to be sorry for Regina while all along he had known what Boss was up to. Tumbo claims to be a socialist at heart and says he could have written the play for the entertainment of the visiting Head of State himself but decides to extend this opportunity to someone else. Tumbo, you have not done badly, why don t you lead the pack of them ..show them light, eat and let eat. Pg 44 Boss claims to understand truth and justice, while in fact, he least does. He alleges that the rioting students and the dissenting lecturers have no idea what truth and justice are all about. This hypocrisy is self-serving in the sense that he intends to suppress their freedom of expression to create an opportunity to gain from foreign governments. Mulili misreports Kabito to Boss for allegedly maligning Boss reputation yet his real intention is to have Kabito punished for opposing him during the meeting.


He alleges that the rioting students and the dissenting lecturers have no idea what truth and justice are all about. This hypocrisy is self-serving in the sense that he intends to suppress their freedom of expression to create an opportunity to gain from foreign governments. Mulili misreports Kabito to Boss for allegedly maligning Boss reputation yet his real intention is to have Kabito punished for opposing him during the meeting. When Boss gives him the go ahead to eliminate Kabito which he does, he later acts shocked and saddened by his death. Askari pretends to be doing Jere a favour by putting him on rehabilitation after only two days and tells him that the government was giving his future some consideration even though he was contributing to the national headache. HOPELESSNESS DISILLUSIONMENTTo be disillusioned is to be disappointed when you realize that something is not as good as you had expected to a point of completing losing hope and giving up. The masses in Kafira are disillusioned by the state of affairs in their country. Mosese says that they had waited for the kingdom for years, then it was said it had come but it was all an illusion. He wonders how many people had set eyes on that kingdom and what colour it is. According to Mosese it was better while they waited for the Kingdom because then they had hope, now they have nothing to look forward to. He feels that they have killed the past and are busy killing the future. He says in the past, they had celebrations once a year and they had a reason to celebrate, but now there is nothing to celebrate about. People are busy shedding blood everywhere. Pg 27-28 The masses have resigned to their fate after realizing the futility of fighting the government. As the students protest in the streets, people shout at them and beggars tell them they are wasting their time. Pg 33 Regina feels that Jusper and those others protesting against the government are easting time and that no good will come out of their struggle with the government. She feels that they are fighting stones. Pg 34 Doga and Nina have lost hope in life after their son; Adika is shot dead during the university riots. Their son Jusper seems to have lost his mind after his brother s death and is currently considered as good as dead. Nina concludes that the authorities have robbed them all they had and blinded them.