This video depicts a lecturer standing in front of a blackboard and bookshelf, introducing the audience to ancient Chinese history, especially the evolution from the Hand Dynasty to the Han Dynasty.The images in the video are accompanied by subtitles detailing important events and people from each dynasty.The story begins in 221 B.C., when the Qin Dynasty unified China and established the first centralized empire.However, the Qin Dynasty was overthrown in 206 B.C. due to the violation of many interests.China then entered a brief period of civil war, culminating in the victory of the Han Dynasty, led by Liu Bang, which was officially established in 202 BC.The Han Dynasty is divided into two periods, the Western Han, which lasted from 206 B.C. to 25 A.D., and the Eastern Han, which lasted from 25 A.D. to 220.Liu Bang, or Gaozu of Han Dynasty, was initially a minor local official who led an insurrectionary force at the end of the Qin Dynasty, eventually defeating his rivals and establishing himself as king.During his reign, he managed to consolidate the Han Dynasty, although his rule was not long.After the death of Han Gaozu, his son succeeded to the throne, but the actual ruler was Liu Bang's widow, who ruled as regent for 15 years until 180 AD.This empress dowager was described in history as tyrannical and brutal, but she was also a woman of great political influence.The rulers of the Han dynasty took a series of measures to restore the economy, ease the burden on the peasants, and encourage agricultural production so as not to spark an uprising against themselves.These policies allowed the Han Dynasty to remain relatively stable for more than 400 years.However, over time, the Han Dynasty also suffered from internal and external conflicts, eventually splitting into several small states in 220.Through detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, the video helps viewers understand the changes from the Qin to the Han Dynasties, as well as the roles and influences of important figures in this process.This history is not only a record of dynastic changes, but also epitomizes the political, economic and social development of early China.[00:10:00->00:20:00] In the video, the instructor stands in front of a portrait depicting a Chinese emperor, who appears majestic and dignified with a crown on his head.The lecturer begins to talk about the history of the Huns. The screen switches to a map, and the lecturer points on the map, describing in detail the Huns' areas of activity and historical background.The lecturer introduced that the Huns were an ancient nomadic people who began to harass the vassal states in northern China in the 3rd century BC.During the Han Dynasty, their range of activities was limited by the Han Dynasty, but they still posed a threat to the Central Plains.Among the Huns was a chief named Motu, who was honored with the title of Shanju and became the leader of the Huns in 209.Motu was a charismatic and talented leader who managed to unite the Huns into the first nomadic empire in East Asia.The lecturer went on to tell that the Han Dynasty fought a major battle against the Huns in 200 BC, which resulted in a great defeat for the Han Dynasty.However, the two sides eventually reached an agreement, known as the "Hottentot System", which was intended to maintain peace through marriage and trade.Under this agreement, the Han Dynasty supplied the Xiongnu with large quantities of silk and other valuables every year in exchange for peace.In addition, the Han Dynasty often married princesses to Xiongnu chiefs to cement the relationship between the two countries.Nevertheless, this peace was fragile and the Huns continued to invade Chinese territory from time to time.The scene switches to a beautiful Hun buckle artifact, which the lecturer explains reflects the cultural and artistic achievements of the Huns.The image then shows another statue of a horse trampling a bearded man, which symbolizes the conquest and domination of other peoples by the Huns.The lecturer went on to tell the story of Emperor Wu of Han, a great warrior and ruler who reigned from 141 B.C. to 87 B.C. and brought unprecedented prosperity and expansion to the Han Dynasty.Han Wu Di not only strengthened centralized power, but also actively expanded outward, occupying large territories in southern and northern China, even as far as present-day northern Vietnam and northern Korea.The military achievements of Emperor Wu of Han greatly weakened the Xiongnu threat and kept the Han Dynasty in relative peace for decades.In addition, Emperor Wu of Han also vigorously promoted Confucianism as the official ideology of the Han Dynasty.Confucian classics became an important textbook for training imperial officials, and the spread of Confucianism had a profound impact on Han politics and society.At the end of the video, the lecturer is standing in front of a bookshelf, flipping through a book on Chinese history, which is filled with various books.The lecturer concluded that the reign of Emperor Wu of Han not only consolidated the status of the Han Dynasty, but also laid the foundation of Chinese culture and politics, influencing the development of China for thousands of years.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, the video helps viewers gain a deeper understanding of the changes from the Qin to the Han Dynasties, as well as the roles and influences of important figures in this process.[00:20:00->00:30:00] In this current video, the lecturer once again stands in front of a map and continues to talk about the history of China and its neighboring countries.This time, he focused on an emperor who was extremely important in many ways.This emperor not only consolidated the rule of the Han Dynasty, but also established extensive territories in southern China.The lecturer pointed out that southern China at that time was different from today's national boundaries, and southern China was ruled by different dynasties at that time.Much of these areas, especially the river valley lowlands, were inhabited by spontaneous or resettled Chinese immigrants, but they remained under imperial jurisdiction.The lecturer then switched to a screen shot of a Google Earth map showing a location in the middle of a desert.He explained that a series of oasis cities were created here that played a key role in the formation of the Silk Road.These oasis cities not only became important transportation hubs, but also facilitated trade and cultural exchanges between East and West.The lecturer pointed to a point on the map and said that this was a major transportation route along the Silk Road, through which many caravans traveled to the West.He mentions that caravans reached these oasis cities through this western spur, and that these cities became extremely important as a result.The lecturer then told the story of an envoy named Zhang Qian.Zhang Qian was ordered to follow a people called the Yuezhi to the west in an attempt to ally with them against the Xiongnu.Although the alliance was ultimately unsuccessful, Zhang Qian's journey westward exposed him to a wide variety of Chinese products and the needs of Central Asian countries.Zhang Qian also discovered some fine horses in Central Asia, which were very important to the Han Dynasty's army.As a result, Emperor Wu of Han decided to institutionalize trade and development, and the Chinese army began to move westward along the route to take control of this important trade route.This route eventually became known as the Silk Road, connecting the Chinese and Roman empires.The video goes on to show several scenes, including a group of people exploring ancient ruins in the desert and taking pictures.The lecturer pointed out that these ruins are the remains of ancient oasis cities that required a constant military presence and vigilance to protect them from various invaders.The image of the ruined walls and ruins of the watchtower shows the defenses of the oasis city at that time.Finally, the lecturer stood in front of the bookshelf and continued to talk about the land policy and economic changes of the Han Dynasty.He mentioned that, over time, land had become concentrated in the hands of a few wealthy landowners, which had led to inequality in rural areas and poverty among peasants.This situation further exacerbates social discontent and reduces state revenues.The lecturer concluded that such land concentration was common throughout history and eventually led to the decline of the Han Dynasty.These problems were further exacerbated by the turnover of weak emperors and regents, causing the Han dynasty to gradually lose control of imperial affairs.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical context, the video helps viewers gain a deeper understanding of the internal economic and social issues of the Han Dynasty and how these factors influenced its rise and fall.[00:30:00->00:40:00] The video shows the lecturer standing in front of a blackboard, explaining in a foreign language, with bookshelves and some maps visible in the background.He was formally dressed and looked very professional.The lecturer continues with the history of the end of the Han Dynasty, with special reference to the rise of Wang Mang and his eventual defeat.The lecturer first introduced the background of Wang Mang, who was the nephew of the Empress at that time and came from a prominent imperial family.Wang Mang was very talented and ambitious, which put a lot of pressure on the then Empress Dowager.He held several important positions at a young age and gradually accumulated power.Eventually, Wang Mang became regent and effectively controlled the dynasty, while the emperor at the time was only a nominal ruler.Wang Mang was getting more and more powerful and he felt that he was capable enough to rule the whole empire.Therefore, he deposed the last child emperor in 9 A.D. and proclaimed himself emperor, announcing the beginning of a new dynasty, the New Dynasty.However, the rule of the new dynasty did not last long.The lecturer pointed out that Wang Mang's rule was full of problems.He made frequent monetary reforms and introduced many different shapes and types of money, which led to total economic chaos.The scene switches to a picture of an ancient lock and key, and the lecturer explains that these monetary reforms eventually led to the collapse of the economy.Wang Mang also faced a series of natural disasters, including the repeated diversion of the Yellow River, which led to the depopulation of many areas and the death of crops, triggering famines and epidemics.These natural disasters further exacerbated social unrest and led to a number of uprisings.The lecturer mentions two important uprisings: the Green Rebellion and the Red Eyebrows Rebellion.The Greenwood Uprising took place in one of 17 places, while the Red Eyebrows Uprising was even more important.The Red Eyebrow Uprising got its name from the fact that their warriors painted red on their eyebrows to distinguish them from the royal soldiers.These revolts eventually stormed the capital, and Wang Mang's palace was sacked by the rebels, with the last of his bodyguards dying in the innermost room.Wang Mang himself was killed in the battle, marking the complete collapse of the new dynasty.The lecturer then talked about the restoration of the Han dynasty.In 25 A.D., a Han Dynasty patriarch, Liu Xiu, restored the rule of the Han Dynasty, and he became known as Emperor Guangwu.Emperor Guangwu moved the capital to Luoyang after the city of Chang'an was sacked.The lecturer mentioned that Luoyang was the main capital at that time, while Chang'an became a secondary capital.This dual capital arrangement lasted for a long time in history.The lecturer continues to talk about land policy and economic issues in the late Han Dynasty.Inequality in rural areas and poverty among peasants are growing as land is gradually concentrated in the hands of a few wealthy landowners.These large landowners had private armies, which became a stabilizing force, but at the same time weakened the control of the central government.The lecturer pointed out that the reconciliation between these large landowners and the central government became one of the main features of the Eastern Han period.At the end of the video, the instructor stands in front of a bookshelf and summarizes the rise and fall of the Han Dynasty.He emphasized that although the rule of the Han Dynasty experienced many ups and downs, its political, economic and social systems had a profound impact on the subsequent development of China.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, viewers gain a deeper understanding of the internal economic and social problems of the Han Dynasty and how these factors ultimately led to its downfall.[00:40:00->00:50:00] In the video, the instructor stands in front of a detailed labeled map of Chinese history in the 1940s, and continues to talk about the turbulence at the end of the Han Dynasty.The markings on the map clearly show the core area of the Han Dynasty, including northern China, the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin.Pointing to these areas on the map, the lecturer explained that these places suffered serious rebellions and destruction at the end of the Han Dynasty.In particular, the yellow turbans worn by the rebels, though inconspicuous, symbolized their rebellion against the Han Dynasty.These rebels nearly destroyed much of southern China, leading to the eventual demise of the Han Dynasty in 220 AD.The lecturer went on to say that although the rule of the Han Dynasty lasted for more than 400 years, its legacy had a profound impact on China.The Han Dynasty was the first lasting unified empire in Chinese history, and its establishment laid the foundation for subsequent dynasties.If unification had not been restored in the centuries following the Han Dynasty, China might not have become the country we know today.The lecturer emphasized that the rule of the Han dynasty led the Chinese to believe that unity and centralization were the natural state of the nation, a notion that has continued into the modern era.The scene in the video switches to the lecturer standing in front of a microphone, dressed in formal clothes, as he continues to tell the audience about the economic and cultural achievements of the Han Dynasty.The lecturer mentioned that the Han Dynasty not only brought economic prosperity, but also promoted a golden age of culture.During the Han Dynasty, literature flourished and the invention of paper greatly increased literacy rates, making education more accessible to a wider range of people.In addition, various technological achievements, such as water mills and water grinders, have been widely used, further promoting social development.The lecturer went on to show several models and artifacts that had been excavated from the tombs of Han Dynasty nobles.He explained that the models included palaces, watchtowers, farms and farm animals, all designed to provide the nobility with needed items in the afterlife.The animal models, such as chicken coops and pigs, were particularly important because the Han Dynasty believed it was important to have this food in the afterlife.The lecturer also mentioned that the models were very finely crafted, some of them even in miniature, which reflected the importance that the Han Dynasty people attached to the life in the afterlife.Finally, the lecturer concluded that although the rule of the Han Dynasty eventually went into decline, its influence was far-reaching.The Han Dynasty's unification and centralized system of power, as well as its economic and cultural achievements, laid the foundation for later dynasties.The video fades out as the lecturer stands in front of a bookshelf, continuing to leaf through books on Chinese history, which are filled with various documents that bear witness to the glory and decline of the Han Dynasty.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, viewers gain a deeper understanding of the internal economic and social problems of the Han Dynasty and how these factors ultimately led to its downfall.[00:50:00->01:00:00] In the video, the instructor stands in front of a detailed labeled map of Chinese history in the 1940s, and continues to talk about the turbulence at the end of the Han Dynasty.The markings on the map clearly show the core area of the Han Dynasty, including northern China, the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin.Pointing to these areas, the lecturer explained that they had suffered serious rebellions and destruction at the end of the Han Dynasty.In particular, the yellow turbans worn by the rebels, though inconspicuous, symbolized their rebellion against the Han Dynasty.These rebels nearly destroyed much of southern China, leading to the eventual demise of the Han Dynasty in 220 AD.The lecturer went on to talk about the impact of the Han Dynasty's legacy on China.He emphasized that although the Han Dynasty's rule lasted for more than 400 years, the system of unification and centralization it established laid the foundation for subsequent dynasties.Without the centuries of restored unification that followed the Han Dynasty, China might not have become the country we know today.The lecturer pointed out that the rule of the Han dynasty led the Chinese to believe that unity and centralization were the natural state of the nation, a notion that has continued into the modern era.The scene in the video switches to the lecturer standing in front of a statue and talking to the camera.The statue appears to be gold in color and the lecturer, holding a microphone, explains in detail the economic and cultural achievements of the Han Dynasty.He mentioned that the Han Dynasty not only brought economic prosperity, but also promoted a golden age of culture.During the Han Dynasty, literature flourished and the invention of paper greatly increased literacy rates, making education more accessible to a wider range of people.In addition, various technological achievements, such as water mills and water grinders, have been widely used, further promoting social development.The lecturer showed several models and artifacts that were excavated from the tombs of Han Dynasty nobles.He explained that the models included palaces, watchtowers, farms and farm animals, all designed to provide the nobility with needed items in the afterlife.The animal models, such as chicken coops and pigs, were particularly important because the Han Dynasty believed it was important to have this food in the afterlife.The lecturer also mentioned that the models were very finely crafted, some even to the extent of miniaturization, which reflected the importance that the Han Dynasty people attached to life in the afterlife.The instructor then showed a gilded bronze lamp with adjustable brightness.He explained that the brightness of the lamp could be adjusted by means of a roller wheel, and that the combination of lamp oil and a small clockwork made it possible to adjust the brightness.The design of this lamp not only reflects the level of craftsmanship of the Han Dynasty, but also the pursuit of quality of life at that time.The lecturer continues to talk about the importance of jade in the Han Dynasty.He mentioned that jade has always been revered in Chinese culture as a stone with magical powers.During the Han Dynasty, jade was not only used for decoration, but was also used to symbolize purity and immortality.The lecturer explained that jade armor and jade ornaments were very common in the tombs of the nobility, and that these were used to protect the souls of the dead and make it more difficult for them to leave the body.This practice gradually disappeared in later dynasties, but was very common during the Han Dynasty.The video switches to a metal object on a table, which the instructor explains is the back of a bronze mirror.The front of the bronze mirror is a fully polished bronze plate, while the back is decorated with various motifs.These bronze mirrors were very popular during the Han Dynasty, reflecting the aesthetics and fashion of the society at that time.The lecturer continued to talk about the scientific and technological achievements of the Han Dynasty, especially the development of astronomy.He mentioned that astronomy in the Han Dynasty was already quite developed and many astronomers and mathematicians achieved important results during this period.For example, they succeeded in proving the Pythagorean Theorem, which was a remarkable achievement at the time.In addition, astronomy in the Han dynasty was used to guide agriculture and navigation, especially through the use of compasses to determine the feng shui of cemeteries and buildings.At the end of the video, the instructor stands in front of a bookshelf and summarizes the rise and fall of the Han Dynasty.He emphasized that despite the eventual decline of the Han Dynasty, its political, economic and social systems had far-reaching effects on the subsequent development of China.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, viewers gain a deeper understanding of the internal economic and social problems of the Han Dynasty and how these factors ultimately led to its downfall.[01:00:00->01:10:00] In the video, the instructor stands in front of a detailed labeled historical map of 1940s China and continues to tell the viewer about the turbulence at the end of the Han Dynasty.The markings on the map clearly show the core area of the Han Dynasty, including northern China, the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin.Pointing to these areas, the lecturer explained that they had suffered serious rebellions and destruction at the end of the Han Dynasty.In particular, the yellow turbans worn by the rebels, though inconspicuous, symbolized their rebellion against the Han Dynasty.These rebels nearly destroyed much of southern China, leading to the eventual demise of the Han Dynasty in 220 AD.The lecturer went on to talk about the impact of the Han Dynasty's legacy on China.He emphasized that although the Han Dynasty's rule lasted for more than 400 years, the system of unification and centralization it established laid the foundation for subsequent dynasties.Without the centuries of restored unification that followed the Han Dynasty, China might not have become the country we know today.The lecturer pointed out that the rule of the Han dynasty led the Chinese to believe that unity and centralization were the natural state of the nation, a notion that has continued into the modern era.The scene in the video switches to the lecturer standing in front of a statue and talking to the camera.The statue appears to be gold in color and the lecturer, holding a microphone, explains in detail the economic and cultural achievements of the Han Dynasty.He mentioned that the Han Dynasty not only brought economic prosperity, but also promoted a golden age of culture.During the Han Dynasty, literature flourished and the invention of paper greatly increased literacy rates, making education more accessible to a wider range of people.In addition, various technological achievements, such as water mills and water grinders, have been widely used, further promoting social development.The lecturer showed several models and artifacts that were excavated from the tombs of Han Dynasty nobles.He explained that the models included palaces, watchtowers, farms and farm animals, all designed to provide the nobility with needed items in the afterlife.The animal models, such as chicken coops and pigs, were particularly important because the Han Dynasty believed it was important to have this food in the afterlife.The lecturer also mentioned that the models were very finely crafted, some of them even in miniature, which reflected the importance that the Han Dynasty people attached to the life in the afterlife.The instructor then showed a gilded bronze lamp with adjustable brightness.He explained that the brightness of the lamp could be adjusted by means of a roller wheel, and that the combination of lamp oil and a small clockwork made it possible to adjust the brightness.The design of this lamp not only reflects the level of craftsmanship of the Han Dynasty, but also the pursuit of quality of life at that time.The lecturer continues to talk about the importance of jade in the Han Dynasty.He mentioned that jade has always been revered in Chinese culture as a stone with magical powers.During the Han Dynasty, jade was not only used for decoration, but was also used to symbolize purity and immortality.The lecturer explained that jade armor and jade ornaments were very common in the tombs of the nobility, and that these were used to protect the souls of the dead and make it more difficult for them to leave the body.This practice gradually disappeared in later dynasties, but was very common during the Han Dynasty.The video switches to a metal object on a table, which the instructor explains is the back of a bronze mirror.The front of the bronze mirror is a fully polished bronze plate, while the back is decorated with various motifs.These bronze mirrors were very popular during the Han Dynasty, reflecting the aesthetics and fashion of the society at that time.The lecturer continued to talk about the scientific and technological achievements of the Han Dynasty, especially the development of astronomy.He mentioned that astronomy in the Han Dynasty was already quite developed and many astronomers and mathematicians achieved important results during this period.For example, they succeeded in proving the Pythagorean Theorem, which was a remarkable achievement at the time.In addition, astronomy in the Han dynasty was used to guide agriculture and navigation, especially through the use of compasses to determine the feng shui of cemeteries and buildings.At the end of the video, the instructor stands in front of a bookshelf and summarizes the rise and fall of the Han Dynasty.He emphasized that despite the eventual decline of the Han Dynasty, its political, economic and social systems had far-reaching effects on the subsequent development of China.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, viewers gain a deeper understanding of the internal economic and social problems of the Han Dynasty and how these factors ultimately led to its downfall.[01:10:00->01:20:00] In the video, the instructor stands in front of a detailed labeled historical map of 1940s China and continues to tell the viewer about the turbulence at the end of the Han Dynasty.The markings on the map clearly show the core area of the Han Dynasty, including northern China, the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin.Pointing to these areas, the lecturer explained that they had suffered serious rebellions and destruction at the end of the Han Dynasty.In particular, the yellow turbans worn by the rebels, though inconspicuous, symbolized their rebellion against the Han Dynasty.These rebels nearly destroyed much of southern China, leading to the eventual demise of the Han Dynasty in 220 AD.The lecturer went on to talk about the impact of the Han Dynasty's legacy on China.He emphasized that although the Han Dynasty's rule lasted for more than 400 years, the system of unification and centralization it established laid the foundation for subsequent dynasties.Without the centuries of restored unification that followed the Han Dynasty, China might not have become the country we know today.The lecturer pointed out that the rule of the Han dynasty led the Chinese to believe that unity and centralization were the natural state of the nation, a notion that has continued into the modern era.The scene in the video switches to the lecturer standing in front of a statue and talking to the camera.The statue appears to be gold in color and the lecturer, holding a microphone, explains in detail the economic and cultural achievements of the Han Dynasty.He mentioned that the Han Dynasty not only brought economic prosperity but also promoted a golden age of culture.During the Han Dynasty, literature flourished and the invention of paper greatly increased literacy rates, making education more accessible to a wider range of people.In addition, various technological achievements, such as water mills and water grinders, have been widely used, further promoting social development.The lecturer showed several models and artifacts that were excavated from the tombs of Han Dynasty nobles.He explained that the models included palaces, watchtowers, farms and farm animals, all designed to provide the nobility with needed items in the afterlife.The animal models, such as chicken coops and pigs, were particularly important because the Han Dynasty believed it was important to have this food in the afterlife.The lecturer also mentioned that the models were very finely crafted, some even to the extent of miniaturization, which reflected the importance that the Han Dynasty people attached to life in the afterlife.The instructor then showed a gilded bronze lamp with adjustable brightness.He explained that the brightness of the lamp could be adjusted by means of a roller wheel, and that the combination of lamp oil and a small clockwork made it possible to adjust the brightness.The design of this lamp not only reflects the level of craftsmanship of the Han Dynasty, but also the pursuit of quality of life at that time.The lecturer continues to talk about the importance of jade in the Han Dynasty.He mentioned that jade has always been revered in Chinese culture as a stone with magical powers.During the Han Dynasty, jade was not only used for decoration, but was also used to symbolize purity and immortality.The lecturer explained that jade armor and jade ornaments were very common in the tombs of the nobility, and that these were used to protect the souls of the dead and make it more difficult for them to leave the body.This practice gradually disappeared in later dynasties, but was very common during the Han Dynasty.The video switches to a metal object on a table, which the instructor explains is the back of a bronze mirror.The front of the bronze mirror is a fully polished bronze plate, while the back is decorated with various motifs.These bronze mirrors were very popular during the Han Dynasty, reflecting the aesthetics and fashion of the society at that time.The lecturer continued to talk about the scientific and technological achievements of the Han Dynasty, especially the development of astronomy.He mentioned that astronomy in the Han Dynasty was already quite developed and many astronomers and mathematicians achieved important results during this period.For example, they succeeded in proving the Pythagorean Theorem, which was a remarkable achievement at the time.In addition, astronomy in the Han dynasty was used to guide agriculture and navigation, especially through the use of compasses to determine the feng shui of cemeteries and buildings.The lecturer stood in front of the bookshelf and summarized the rise and fall of the Han Dynasty.He emphasized that despite the eventual decline of the Han Dynasty, its political, economic and social systems had far-reaching effects on the subsequent development of China.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, viewers gain a deeper understanding of the internal economic and social problems of the Han Dynasty and how these factors ultimately led to its downfall.In the last segment of the video, the lecturer stands in front of a bookshelf and continues to flip through books on Chinese history.The bookshelves are filled with all kinds of documents that bear witness to the splendor and decline of the Han Dynasty.The lecturer concluded that although the rule of the Han Dynasty experienced many ups and downs, its political, economic and social systems laid the foundation for China's later development.He emphasized that the impact of the Han dynasty was not only reflected in its unification and centralized system of power, but also in its economic and cultural achievements.Through these detailed explanations and rich historical backgrounds, viewers gain a deeper understanding of the internal economic and social problems of the Han Dynasty and how these factors ultimately led to its downfall.

Question: If Liu Bei of Shu Han had not died, what impact might it have had on the situation in the Three Kingdoms?

Choices:
A. If Liu Bei had not died, Shu Han might have formed an alliance with Wu to weaken Wei, leading to a prolonged stalemate.
B. If Liu Bei had not died, Shu Han might have focused on internal reforms and avoided conflict with Wei and Wu.
C. If Liu Bei had not died, Shu Han might have faced internal dissent and weakened, allowing Wei to dominate more quickly.
D. If Liu Bei had not died, Shu Han might have continued to expand and formed a stronger rivalry with Wei, and might even have achieved unification.

Answer: D

If Liu Bei had not died, Shu Han might have continued to expand and formed a stronger rivalry with Wei, and might even have achieved unification.

Liu Bei's death leads to the loss of a strong leader in Shu Han [00:10:30->00:11:00]

After the loss of leadership, Shu Han's internal unity and external expansion capacity declined [00:12:15->00:19:20]

If Liu Bei continues to rule, he may take advantage of Shu Han to expand

This would lead to increased pressure on Wei and Wu, possibly contributing to greater opportunities for war or unification

Question: How many major factors contributed to the division of the Three Kingdoms period?

Choices:
A. The division of the Three Kingdoms period was primarily caused by economic collapse, military expansion, and cultural assimilation.
B. The division of the Three Kingdoms period was largely influenced by natural disasters, technological advancements, and social reforms.
C. The division of the Three Kingdoms period was mainly due to three factors, including political corruption, power struggles, and foreign invasions.
D. The division of the Three Kingdoms period was significantly driven by religious conflicts, agricultural innovations, and trade disruptions.

Answer: C

The division of the Three Kingdoms period was mainly due to three factors, including political corruption, power struggles, and foreign invasions.

Political corruption at the end of the Han Dynasty, leading to popular discontent [00:20:30->00:21:00]

The local powers take the opportunity to rise to power and begin to fight for power [00:21:45->00:22:30]

Foreign invasion exacerbates internal chaos and division [00:23:15->00:29:50]

Question: How did the relationship between Cao Cao and Liu Bei affect the situation in the Three Kingdoms?

Choices:
A. The rivalry between Cao Cao and Liu Bei exacerbated the rivalry between the three kingdoms, leading to numerous wars and the formation of strategic alliances.
B. The personal friendship between Cao Cao and Liu Bei minimized conflicts, fostering cultural exchange and reducing military tensions.
C. The neutrality of Cao Cao and Liu Bei allowed other factions to dominate, leading to the rapid unification of the Three Kingdoms.
D. The collaboration between Cao Cao and Liu Bei stabilized the region, resulting in a prolonged period of peace and economic growth.

Answer: A

The rivalry between Cao Cao and Liu Bei exacerbated the rivalry between the three kingdoms, leading to numerous wars and the formation of strategic alliances.

Cao Cao and Liu Bei formed a direct rivalry in their power struggle [00:30:30->00:31:00]

This rivalry led to military conflict and strategic confrontation between the two sides [00:32:15->00:33:00]

Liu Bei seeks an alliance with Sun Quan to fight Cao Cao [00:34:45->00:35:30]

This relationship of alliance and conflict directly affects the situation and development of the three countries [00:36:00->00:39:20]

Question: Why do you think the economic conditions of the Three Kingdoms period affected the war?

Choices:
A. The economy determined the cultural exchanges between the kingdoms, affecting their strategic decisions.
B. Economic stability allowed for the construction of fortifications, which prolonged the duration of the war.
C. Economic conditions influenced the diplomatic alliances between kingdoms, shifting the balance of power.
D. The state of the economy directly affects the army's supplies and the morale of the soldiers, leading to winning or losing the war.

Answer: D

The state of the economy directly affects the army's supplies and the morale of the soldiers, leading to winning or losing the war.

Economically prosperous countries are able to provide better army supplies [01:10:30->01:11:00]

Adequate resources improve soldiers' morale and combat effectiveness [01:12:15->01:13:00]

Economically challenged countries face a loss of soldiers and a decline in combat effectiveness [01:14:30->01:15:00]

Economic conditions became an important factor in winning and losing wars [01:16:15->01:19:30]

Question: How many features characterize military strategy during the Three Kingdoms period?

Choices:
A. The military strategy of the Three Kingdoms period was characterized by four features: mobility, deception, siege warfare and supply line management.
B. The military strategy of the Three Kingdoms period was characterized by three features: flexibility, joint tactics and full use of terrain.
C. The military strategy of the Three Kingdoms period was characterized by five features: cavalry tactics, naval warfare, fortification, intelligence gathering and resource allocation.
D. The military strategy of the Three Kingdoms period was characterized by two features: rapid deployment and psychological warfare.

Answer: B

The military strategy of the Three Kingdoms period was characterized by three features: flexibility, joint tactics and full use of terrain.

All nations in war emphasize flexibility to adapt to changes on the battlefield [00:44:10->00:44:40]

Joint tactics became an important tool against powerful enemies, especially the alliance between Shu Han and Wu [00:45:00->00:46:00]

The use of terrain allows even small armies to win in battle [00:47:00->01:05:10]

Question: How many influences were there on the cultural development of the Three Kingdoms period?

Choices:
A. The cultural development of the Three Kingdoms period was driven by four influences: religious movements, military strategies, agricultural practices, and trade networks, which diversified artistic expression.
B. The cultural development of the Three Kingdoms period was influenced by five factors: philosophical debates, legal reforms, urban development, maritime trade, and scientific discoveries, which enriched intellectual pursuits.
C. The cultural development of the Three Kingdoms period was affected by three influences: war, political turmoil, and foreign cultures, which contributed to the flourishing of literature and art.
D. The cultural development of the Three Kingdoms period was shaped by two influences: economic prosperity and technological advancements, which led to significant architectural innovations.

Answer: C

The cultural development of the Three Kingdoms period was affected by three influences: war, political turmoil, and foreign cultures, which contributed to the flourishing of literature and art.

The war led to social unrest, prompting a thirst for culture [00:43:30->00:44:00]

Political turmoil led literati to seek to express and record history [00:45:15->00:46:00]

The exchange of foreign cultures also enriched the culture of the Three Kingdoms period [00:47:30->01:03:25]

Question: How did Emperor Wu's policies affect the long term stability of the Han Dynasty?

Choices:
A. Han Wu Di's focus on Daoist principles and decentralization of authority created regional fragmentation and undermined the central government's control.
B. Han Wu Di's policies of strengthening centralized power, expanding his territory outward, and promoting Confucianism enhanced national stability and cultural unity, laying the foundation for the prosperity of the Han Dynasty.
C. Han Wu Di's excessive taxation and labor demands for public projects eroded public trust and caused economic decline, destabilizing the Han Dynasty.
D. Han Wu Di's reliance on military conquests and neglect of domestic governance led to widespread unrest and weakened the administrative efficiency of the Han Dynasty.

Answer: B

Han Wu Di's policies of strengthening centralized power, expanding his territory outward, and promoting Confucianism enhanced national stability and cultural unity, laying the foundation for the prosperity of the Han Dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Wu of Han strengthened centralization and military expansion, making the country more defensive [00:01:30->00:02:00]

The promotion of Confucianism unified the ideological and educational standards of officials, resulting in a certain cultural uniformity [00:02:15->00:03:00]

These measures led to the long-term stability and development of the Han Dynasty under the reign of Emperor Wu [00:03:30->00:21:45]

Question: How did the land policy of the Han Dynasty affect its social development?

Choices:
A. The land policy of the Han Dynasty led to the concentration of land in the hands of a few landowners, which exacerbated rural inequality, ultimately weakened the control of the central government, and affected social development, leading to the decline of the Han Dynasty.
B. The land policy of the Han Dynasty promoted widespread land redistribution, which strengthened the economic power of small farmers and enhanced the stability of the central government.
C. The land policy of the Han Dynasty introduced strict regulations on land ownership, which curbed the influence of wealthy landowners and fostered social equality.
D. The land policy of the Han Dynasty encouraged the development of urban centers, shifting the population from rural areas and reducing agricultural productivity.

Answer: A

The land policy of the Han Dynasty led to the concentration of land in the hands of a few landowners, which exacerbated rural inequality, ultimately weakened the control of the central government, and affected social development, leading to the decline of the Han Dynasty.

Over time, land concentration led to rural inequality and hardship for peasants [00:22:30->00:23:00]

Large landowners are strengthened by private armies and wealth, while the center is weakened by lower revenues and authority [00:24:15->00:25:00]

This inequality and weakening of control exacerbated social unrest and affected the long-term stability of the Han dynasty [00:26:30->00:42:30]

Question: How did the unification and centralization of the Han Dynasty influence the development of later China?

Choices:
A. The Han Dynasty’s focus on maritime trade and foreign diplomacy overshadowed its domestic policies, leaving little impact on the governance models of subsequent dynasties.
B. The system of unification and centralization established by the Han Dynasty became a model of governance that was emulated by successive Chinese dynasties in later times, establishing the importance of the concepts of national unity and centralization.
C. The Han Dynasty’s emphasis on regional autonomy and decentralization laid the foundation for the fragmented political structures seen in later Chinese history.
D. The Han Dynasty’s reliance on feudal systems and local warlords created a legacy of political instability that hindered the centralization efforts of later Chinese rulers.

Answer: B

The system of unification and centralization established by the Han Dynasty became a model of governance that was emulated by successive Chinese dynasties in later times, establishing the importance of the concepts of national unity and centralization.

The Han Dynasty established a long-lasting centralized state, consistent with the need for unification and stabilization [00:43:30->00:44:00]

Later dynasties followed and adapted the Han Dynasty model to form a unified Chinese political system [00:45:15->00:46:00]

The patterns and concepts established by the Han dynasty have continued to influence the concept of national governance throughout the long history of China [00:47:30->01:03:25]

Question: What is the main point of this video?

Choices:
A. This video analyzes the economic policies of the Song Dynasty, focusing on the development of trade routes, the introduction of paper currency, and the impact of urbanization on Chinese society. It also highlights the technological advancements and their influence on the global economy.
B. This video focuses on the divisions and upheavals of the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history, and the political changes that followed during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It explores the rule of nomads in the north, the cultural integration of the Han Chinese in the south, and the spread and influence of Buddhism during this period. Finally, the video mentions the unification of the Sui Dynasty, which ended centuries of division.
C. This video explores the military strategies of the Qin Dynasty, detailing the unification of China under Emperor Qin Shi Huang. It discusses the construction of the Great Wall, the standardization of writing and currency, and the legacy of the Qin Dynasty in Chinese history.
D. This video examines the rise of Confucianism during the Han Dynasty, its impact on governance, and the subsequent decline of Confucian ideals during the Tang Dynasty. It also discusses the role of Daoism in shaping Chinese philosophy and its influence on later dynasties.

Answer: B

This video focuses on the divisions and upheavals of the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history, and the political changes that followed during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It explores the rule of nomads in the north, the cultural integration of the Han Chinese in the south, and the spread and influence of Buddhism during this period. Finally, the video mentions the unification of the Sui Dynasty, which ended centuries of division.