Through a series of historical images and subtitles, this video tells the story of the Korean Peninsula's tumultuous history from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, focusing on the reforms of Heungseon Daewongun and their impact on modern Korean history.**Backstory:**
The video opens showing an airplane flying through the air, followed by the appearance of an old man dressed in traditional Korean clothing who appears to be smiling.The subtitle mentions that soon, viewers will learn about "Heung Seon Daewon Jun Han Il" and the modern history of Korea.This sets the historical context for what follows.**Invasion by Western Powers:**
The video goes on to show a map of the Korean Peninsula, with subtitles referring to the Western powers opening their doors to China, Japan and Korea.With the entry of Western forces, the DPRK government and people felt a sense of crisis.Western powers frequented the coast of Korea for surveys and explorations and demanded the establishment of normal diplomatic relations.However, the Government and people of the DPRK were disturbed by this act of aggression and social unrest gradually increased.**Domestic crisis:**
The video further demonstrates the corruption and political turmoil within North Korea.The corruption of the government led to hardship for the people, and peasant revolts continued throughout the region.After the sudden death of Chul-jong, 12-year-old Gojong assumed the throne, and Heungseon Daewongun came to power.In order to stabilize the situation, Heung Seon Daewongun implemented a series of drastic reforms, including overthrowing the rule of the Kim family in Andong, appointing people on the basis of merit, restoring the functions of the Sangyongbu and the army, and reinforcing the navy and the military power.**Economic and social reforms:**
The Heungsuan Daewongun solved its financial problems by issuing a high denomination currency, the "dangbai", but this measure led to economic dislocation.He rebuilt Gyeongbokgung Palace, which had been burned down during the Imjin War, but the project sparked popular discontent.In order to pacify the people's grievances, Heung Seon Daewongun also carried out a number of social reforms such as stabilizing the people's mind, securing the state's finances, increasing taxes, and reducing military tyranny.**Foreign relations:**
The video also shows North Korea's conflict with Western powers.In 1866, French missionary Yasuaki was captured and France used this as an excuse to demand the opening of the gates of Joseon.The French Far Eastern Fleet invaded Ganghwa Island and engaged the Korean army, eventually retreating and burning important facilities.In the same year, the U.S. merchant ship General Sherman entered Pyongyang and was burned by DPRK officials.In 1871, the U.S. again demanded Joseon to pay compensation and sign a trade treaty under the pretext of the "General Sherman" incident, but Heung Seon Daewongun refused.**Social impact:**
The reforms of Hyeongseon Daewongun, while stabilizing the situation in the short term, did not completely solve the country's long-term problems.Internal corruption and external pressure of aggression plunged the DPRK into a deeper crisis.The video concludes with a series of images and subtitles showing the reaction of the Korean people to these events and the impact of Heung Seon Daewongun's reforms on modern Korean history.**Summary:**
This video details the turbulent history of the Korean Peninsula from the late 1800s to the early 1900s through rich historical footage and subtitles.The reforms of Hyeongseon Daewongun stabilized the situation in the short term, but failed to solve the fundamental problems.The invasion of Western powers and internal corruption led to social unrest and peasant revolts, which eventually plunged Joseon into a deeper crisis.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[00:10:00->00:20:00] The video switches to a map of the world, with flags of various countries flying over the map in a cartoon-like style.As the camera advances, the subtitles begin to narrate, "Despite the loss of Quang Sheng Bo, we can still learn more about what happened at the time of the New Secret Act."The red dot on the map marks the Korean peninsula, emphasizing its important place in the international situation.Next, the scene switches to a group of people dressed in traditional Korean clothing standing in front of an old building, where they seem to be waiting for something.The subtitle mentions: "Although the Day of Restoration has passed, the North Korean government refuses to negotiate on diplomatic relations."The expressions of these people were serious and seemed to express support for the government's decision.The camera continues to advance, showing a group of men in uniform standing in front of an old boat, seemingly preparing to go out to sea.The caption mentions, "U.S. troops withdrew after 20 days, and in the process, the DPRK created yesterday's kites with kites embroidered with the word 'DPRK' and embroidery."These images show the tenacious resistance of the Korean people in the face of foreign invasion.The scene then switches to a man in traditional Korean clothing sitting in front of a stone monument, where he appears to be praying.The subtitle mentions, "After defeating the invaders, the Hyeongseon Daejeon Army stood firm against the West's demand for force.They erected monuments throughout the country as a sign of defiance and refused to engage diplomatically with the West."The man's expression was firm, as if he were paying homage to his forefathers.Next, the image shows a man standing in front of a tombstone, who appears to be meditating.The tombstone is inscribed with a text, and the caption mentions, "He erected a stone tablet on the clock tower of Caer Jong, which reads, 'Little Gabumaha.It is written, A man contending with a man is contending with a man; and a man contending with a man is contending with a man.If you fight, you get angry, and if you get angry, you fight.To fight is to seek peace, and to seek peace is to sell out.' "This text expresses a deep thought about the fate of the country and a reflection on the war.The camera switches again to show a group of people dressed in traditional Korean clothing marching down a line, they are followed by a group of soldiers and the marching group is led by a man holding a flag.The subtitle mentions: "The policy of Heung Seon Daewongun temporarily prevented foreign invasion, but the modernization of Korea was delayed."The solemn expressions and determined pace of the marchers demonstrated their unity and determination in a time of national distress.Finally, the scene switches to a world map with a red dot marking the Korean Peninsula, and the caption mentions, "By the 19th century, Britain had become the first country in the world to import large quantities of tea and silk from the Qing Dynasty.As trade continued to grow, Britain's trade deficit grew so large that it had to produce opium from its Indian colonies and sell it to the Qing Dynasty."This narrative reveals the serious impact of the opium trade on the economy and society of the Qing Dynasty and sets the stage for subsequent historical events.Throughout the video, the turbulent history of the Korean Peninsula in the late 19th century is vividly depicted through rich images and subtitles.Although the reforms of Heungseon Daewongun stabilized the situation in the short term, they failed to solve the fundamental problems and instead plunged the Joseon into a deeper crisis.The invasion of Western powers and internal corruption led to social unrest and peasant uprisings, which eventually plunged Joseon into deeper difficulties.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[00:20:00->00:30:00] The video goes on to show the complex diplomatic situation and internal reforms on the Korean Peninsula in the late 19th century.The scene switches to a detailed map marking the location of the Korean Peninsula and its neighboring countries, emphasizing the importance of North Korea in the international situation.The subtitle mentions that the Korean Peninsula faced great external pressures during this period, especially the invasion of Western powers.The camera then pans to a group of people dressed in traditional hanbok sitting around a table, seemingly in the middle of an important business meeting.Their expressions were serious as they discussed how to deal with the threat of the Western powers.The subtitle mentions that the shipbuilding industry is the only way out for the DPRK, and becomes the key to establishing ties between the DPRK and the West.This paragraph reveals that the DPRK government tried to strengthen its national power by developing shipbuilding in the face of external pressure.The screen then switches to a more detailed map of the Korean Peninsula, showing the 1882 Treaty of Friendship between North Korea and the United States.The subtitle explains that the DPRK became the first East Asian country to sign a treaty with the United States, a move that signaled the beginning of the DPRK's gradual opening to the outside world.The treaty includes a number of provisions on diplomacy and trade aimed at protecting the security of the DPRK and promoting economic development.This paragraph shows the specific contents of the treaty in detail through maps and subtitles, emphasizing its important impact on Korea's modern history.The video goes on to show the efforts of the North Korean government during this period.The camera switches to a group of people shaking hands in a circle, seemingly having a social gathering.The subtitle mentions that Korea was forced to establish diplomatic relations with Britain and Germany in 1883, followed by Russia and Italy in 1884 and Austria-Hungary in 1886.These treaties, while nominally equal, contain unequal provisions in practice, particularly with regard to most-favored-nation treatment and extraterritoriality.This paragraph reveals the complexity and unequal status of the DPRK in its dealings with the West.It then shows a group of people gathered around a table discussing how to respond to the demands of the West.The subtitle mentions the emergence of an enlightened faction within the DPRK that advocates opening the country to Western science and technology.This paragraph demonstrates the ideas and propositions of the Enlightenment Sect through the discussion of the characters, emphasizing their role in promoting the modernization of Korea.The video goes on to show an expedition sent by the Joseon government in 1881 to Japan and the West to learn about advanced technologies and systems.The subtitle mentions that the members of these missions, including Park Jung Yang, Yu Yoon Jung, and Hong Young Sik, spent four months examining Japan's modern facilities, laws, and tax system in detail.The report of the mission had a significant impact on the reform policy of the DPRK and gave impetus to its modernization process.Finally, the screen switches to an 1888 map of the United States, and the caption mentions that the Korean government signed the Flavored Water Trade Treaty with the United States, which further strengthened economic ties between the two countries.This paragraph shows the specifics of North Korea's economic cooperation with the United States through maps and subtitles, emphasizing the impact of this cooperation on North Korea.Throughout the video, the diplomatic situation and internal reforms on the Korean Peninsula at the end of the 19th century are depicted in detail through rich graphics and subtitles.The DPRK government, faced with external pressure and internal contradictions, took a series of measures to try to modernize the country by opening its doors and accepting Western science and technology.However, these efforts have also led, to some extent, to an unequal status and internal unrest in the country.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[00:30:00->00:40:00]** Narrative description of current video content**

The video switches to a serious scene where a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks are gathered in a room, seemingly in the middle of a tense discussion.Their expressions were serious and the discussion appeared urgent.The subtitle mentions that the evolution of the theory of "feints" in the 1870s can be understood through the article "The Direction of the Theory of "Feints" in the 1870s".In the 1870s, there was a movement in Korea against the opening of ports, contrary to the previous direction of advocating openness.This movement was mainly against Japan's opening up to the West, arguing that doing so would lead to economic collapse and loss of sovereignty.Immediately afterward, the screen switches to a detailed map showing the 1882 Treaty of Friendship between North Korea and the United States.The subtitle explains that this treaty marks the beginning of the gradual opening of the DPRK to the outside world and includes various provisions on diplomacy and trade aimed at protecting the security of the DPRK and promoting economic development.However, this openness has also brought about unequal treaties, especially in terms of most-favored-nation treatment and extraterritoriality, and the DPRK is at a disadvantage in its dealings with the West.The video then shows an expedition sent by the Joseon government in 1881 to Japan and the West to learn about advanced technologies and systems.The subtitle mentions that the mission, which included Park Jung Yang, Yu Yoon Jung, and Hong Young Sik, spent four months examining Japan's modern facilities, laws, and tax system in detail.The reports of these missions had a significant impact on the reform policy of the DPRK and gave impetus to its modernization process.The scene continues to switch to show a group of people marching down a line, they are followed by a group of soldiers and the marching group is led by a man holding a flag.The subtitle mentions that Heung Seon Daewongun's policy temporarily prevented foreign invasion, but the modernization of Korea was delayed.The solemn expressions and determined pace of the marchers demonstrated their unity and determination in a time of national crisis.Finally, the video screen switches to a world map with a red dot marking the Korean Peninsula, and the caption mentions that by the 19th century, Britain had become the first country in the world to import large quantities of tea and silk from the Qing Dynasty.As trade continued to grow, Britain's trade deficit grew so large that it had to produce opium from its Indian colonies and sell it to the Qing Dynasty.This narrative reveals the serious impact of the opium trade on the economy and society of the Qing Dynasty and sets the stage for subsequent historical events.Throughout the video, the diplomatic situation and internal reforms on the Korean Peninsula at the end of the 19th century are depicted in detail through rich graphics and subtitles.The DPRK government, faced with external pressure and internal contradictions, took a series of measures to try to modernize the country by opening its doors and accepting Western science and technology.However, these efforts have also led, to some extent, to an unequal status and internal unrest in the country.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[00:40:00->00:50:00] The scene of the video switches to a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks standing in front of a poster, and they seem to be discussing something.The subtitle mentions that the content of these discussions is related to the theory of "pretense", which evolved in the 1870s.In the 1870s, there was a movement in Korea against the opening of ports, which ran counter to the previous direction of advocating openness.Opponents argued that opening the ports would lead to economic collapse and loss of sovereignty, especially to Japan.The screen then switches to a detailed map showing the 1882 Treaty of Friendship between North Korea and the United States.The subtitle explains that this treaty marks the beginning of the gradual opening of the DPRK to the outside world and includes various provisions on diplomacy and trade aimed at protecting the security of the DPRK and promoting economic development.However, this openness has also brought about unequal treaties, especially in terms of most-favored-nation treatment and extraterritoriality, and the DPRK is at a disadvantage in its dealings with the West.The video then shows an expedition sent by the Joseon government in 1881 to Japan and the West to learn about advanced technologies and systems.The subtitle mentions that the mission, which included Park Jung Yang, Yu Yoon Jung, and Hong Young Sik, spent four months examining Japan's modern facilities, laws, and tax system in detail.The reports of these missions had a significant impact on the reform policy of the DPRK and gave impetus to its modernization process.The scene continues to switch to show a group of people marching down a line, they are followed by a group of soldiers and the marching group is led by a man holding a flag.The subtitle mentions that Heung Seon Daewongun's policy temporarily prevented foreign invasion, but the modernization of Korea was delayed.The solemn expressions and determined pace of the marchers demonstrated their unity and determination in a time of national crisis.Finally, the video screen switches to a world map with a red dot marking the Korean Peninsula, and the caption mentions that by the 19th century, Britain had become the first country in the world to import large quantities of tea and silk from the Qing Dynasty.As trade continued to grow, Britain's trade deficit grew so large that it had to produce opium from its Indian colonies and sell it to the Qing Dynasty.This narrative reveals the serious impact of the opium trade on the economy and society of the Qing Dynasty and sets the stage for subsequent historical events.Throughout the video, the diplomatic situation and internal reforms on the Korean Peninsula at the end of the 19th century are depicted in detail through rich graphics and subtitles.The DPRK government, faced with external pressure and internal contradictions, took a series of measures to try to modernize the country by opening its doors and accepting Western science and technology.However, these efforts have also led, to some extent, to an unequal status and internal unrest in the country.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[00:50:00->01:00:00] The video switches to a tension-filled scene where a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks are gathered in a room where they appear to be having a serious discussion.Their expressions were stony, and the discussion appeared urgent.The subtitle mentions that the evolution of the theory of "feints" in the 1870s can be understood through the article "The Direction of the Theory of "Feints" in the 1870s".In the 1870s, there was a movement in Korea against the opening of ports, which ran counter to the previous direction of advocating openness.Opponents argued that opening the ports would lead to economic collapse and loss of sovereignty, especially to Japan.The screen then switches to a detailed map showing the 1882 Treaty of Friendship between North Korea and the United States.The subtitle explains that this treaty marks the beginning of the gradual opening of the DPRK to the outside world and includes various provisions on diplomacy and trade aimed at protecting the security of the DPRK and promoting economic development.However, this openness has also brought about unequal treaties, especially in terms of most-favored-nation treatment and extraterritoriality, and the DPRK is at a disadvantage in its dealings with the West.The video then shows an expedition sent by the Joseon government in 1881 to Japan and the West to learn about advanced technologies and systems.The subtitle mentions that the mission, which included Park Jung Yang, Yu Yoon Jung, and Hong Young Sik, spent four months examining Japan's modern facilities, laws, and tax system in detail.The reports of these missions had a significant impact on the reform policy of the DPRK and gave impetus to its modernization process.The scene continues to switch to show a group of people marching down a line, they are followed by a group of soldiers and the marching group is led by a man holding a flag.The subtitle mentions that Heung Seon Daewongun's policy temporarily prevented foreign invasion, but the modernization of Korea was delayed.The solemn expressions and determined pace of the marchers demonstrated their unity and determination in a time of national crisis.Finally, the video screen switches to a world map with a red dot marking the Korean Peninsula, and the caption mentions that by the 19th century, Britain had become the first country in the world to import large quantities of tea and silk from the Qing Dynasty.As trade continued to grow, Britain's trade deficit grew so large that it had to produce opium from its Indian colonies and sell it to the Qing Dynasty.This narrative reveals the serious impact of the opium trade on the economy and society of the Qing Dynasty and sets the stage for subsequent historical events.The video footage then shifts to a darkened room where a man, dressed in traditional Korean clothing, appears to be hastily organizing papers.The subtitle mentions that after the return and surrender, the Korean Government established a correctional institution, i.e., the Korean Government then established the Correctional Institution to implement internal reforms and the Peasant Army.The Peasant Army established peasant self-governing organizations in 53 counties in Jeolla Province and promoted abolitionist reforms.Penalties for indulgence and playfulness are imposed under 12 provisions of the Reform Act through the establishment of organized enforcement agencies.Measures such as tax reform and affirmative action have been implemented to ameliorate social injustice and enhance national governance.It then shows a group of people discussing in front of a map, who appear to be analyzing the situation in and around the Korean Peninsula.The subtitle mentions that the Joseon government signed a prior agreement with the Donghak Peasant Army to promote independent reforms.The Korean government, which signed the agreement, promised to withdraw the Qing and Japanese troops in order to establish a correctional facility.However, Japan wanted to ensure its hegemony in Korea and therefore sent troops to Korea.Japan not only refused to withdraw its troops, but also demanded that the Qing Dynasty work with it to reform Korea's internal affairs.In 1894, the Japanese occupied Gyeongbokgung Palace by force and the pro-Japanese reformist regime established itself in Seoul.The scene continues to switch, showing a group of people dressed in traditional Korean clothing discussing a map hanging on the wall behind them.The caption mentions that after the outbreak of the war, the Japanese army fought the Battle of Seonggwan, the Battle of Pyongyang, and the Battle of the West Sea, which resulted in major victories.The Japanese then attacked the interior of Qinghai, all the way to the interior of Qinghai.On March 18, 1895, Japan occupied Shimonoseki and won the Sino-Japanese War.At the end, the video footage switches to a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks standing in a line that appears to be a parade.The subtitle mentions that the peasant movement failed because the peasant class was located at the center of the feudal order.Although it was a national movement centered on a peasant army, the building of the modern state lacked a concrete plan.Although the peasant armies did not put forward specific proposals for the realization of statehood, their anti-feudal and anti-foreign power struggles actively fought against foreign invasions and accelerated the collapse of the regime.The sons and daughters of the peasant army were encouraged to join the militia or to join civic groups to continue the national movement.Throughout the video, the diplomatic situation and internal reforms on the Korean Peninsula at the end of the 19th century are depicted in detail through rich graphics and subtitles.The DPRK government, faced with external pressure and internal contradictions, took a series of measures to try to modernize the country by opening its doors and accepting Western science and technology.However, these efforts have also led, to some extent, to an unequal status and internal unrest in the country.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[01:00:00->01:10:00] The scene of the video switches to a room filled with tension, where a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks are gathered in what appears to be a serious discussion.Their expressions were stony, and the discussion appeared urgent.The subtitle mentions that the evolution of the theory of "feints" in the 1870s can be understood through the article "The Direction of the Theory of "Feints" in the 1870s".In the 1870s, there was a movement in Korea against the opening of ports, which ran counter to the previous direction of advocating openness.Opponents argued that opening the ports would lead to economic collapse and loss of sovereignty, especially to Japan.The screen then switches to a detailed map showing the 1882 Treaty of Amity between North Korea and the United States.The subtitle explains that this treaty marks the beginning of the gradual opening of the DPRK to the outside world and includes various provisions on diplomacy and trade aimed at protecting the security of the DPRK and promoting economic development.However, this openness has also brought about unequal treaties, especially in terms of most-favored-nation treatment and extraterritoriality, and the DPRK is at a disadvantage in its dealings with the West.The video then shows an expedition sent by the Joseon government in 1881 to Japan and the West to learn about advanced technologies and systems.The subtitle mentions that the mission, which included Park Jung Yang, Yu Yoon Jung, and Hong Young Sik, spent four months examining Japan's modern facilities, laws, and tax system in detail.The reports of these missions had a significant impact on the reform policy of the DPRK and gave impetus to its modernization process.The scene continues to switch to show a group of people marching down a line, they are followed by a group of soldiers and the marching group is led by a man holding a flag.The subtitle mentions that Heung Seon Daewongun's policy temporarily prevented foreign invasion, but the modernization of Korea was delayed.The solemn expressions and determined pace of the marchers demonstrated their unity and determination in a time of national crisis.The video screen then switches to a world map with a red dot marking the Korean Peninsula, and the caption mentions that by the 19th century, Britain had become the first country in the world to import large quantities of tea and silk from the Qing Dynasty.As trade continued to grow, Britain's trade deficit grew so large that it had to produce opium from its Indian colonies and sell it to the Qing Dynasty.This narrative reveals the serious impact of the opium trade on the economy and society of the Qing Dynasty and sets the stage for subsequent historical events.Next, the scene shifts to a darkened room where a man dressed in traditional Korean clothing appears to be hastily organizing papers.The subtitle mentions that after the return and surrender, the Korean Government established a correctional institution, i.e., the Korean Government then established the Correctional Institution to implement internal reforms and the Peasant Army.The Peasant Army established peasant self-governing organizations in 53 counties in Jeolla Province and promoted abolitionist reforms.Penalties for indulgence and playfulness are imposed under 12 provisions of the Reform Act through the establishment of organized enforcement agencies.Measures such as tax reform and affirmative action have been implemented to ameliorate social injustice and enhance national governance.It then shows a group of people discussing in front of a map, who appear to be analyzing the situation in and around the Korean Peninsula.The subtitle mentions that the Korean government signed a prior agreement with the Dongak Peasant Army to promote independent reforms.The Korean government, which signed the agreement, promised to withdraw the Qing and Japanese troops in order to establish a correctional facility.However, Japan wanted to ensure its hegemony in Korea and therefore sent troops to Korea.Japan not only refused to withdraw its troops, but also demanded that the Qing Dynasty work with it to reform Korea's internal affairs.In 1894, the Japanese occupied Gyeongbokgung Palace by force and the pro-Japanese reformist regime established itself in Seoul.The scene continues to switch, showing a group of people dressed in traditional Korean clothing discussing a map hanging on the wall behind them.The caption mentions that after the outbreak of the war, the Japanese army fought the Battle of Seonggwan, the Battle of Pyongyang, and the Battle of the West Sea, which resulted in major victories.The Japanese then attacked the interior of Qinghai, all the way to the interior of Qinghai.On March 18, 1895, Japan occupied Shimonoseki and won the Sino-Japanese War.At the end, the video footage switches to a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks standing in a line that appears to be a parade.The subtitle mentions that the peasant movement failed because the peasant class was located at the center of the feudal order.Although it was a national movement centered on a peasant army, the building of the modern state lacked a concrete plan.Although the peasant armies did not put forward specific proposals for the realization of statehood, their anti-feudal and anti-foreign power struggles actively fought against foreign invasions and accelerated the collapse of the regime.The sons and daughters of the peasant army were encouraged to join the militia or to join civic groups to continue the national movement.Throughout the video, the diplomatic situation and internal reforms on the Korean Peninsula at the end of the 19th century are depicted in detail through rich graphics and subtitles.The DPRK government, faced with external pressure and internal contradictions, took a series of measures to try to modernize the country by opening its doors and accepting Western science and technology.However, these efforts have also led, to some extent, to an unequal status and internal unrest in the country.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[01:10:00->01:20:00] The video screen switches to a room filled with tension, where a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks are gathered in what appears to be a serious discussion.Their expressions were stony, and the discussion appeared urgent.The subtitle mentions that the evolution of the theory of "feints" in the 1870s can be understood through the article "The Direction of the Theory of "Feints" in the 1870s".In the 1870s, there was a movement in Korea against the opening of ports, which ran counter to the previous direction of advocating openness.Opponents argued that opening the ports would lead to economic collapse and loss of sovereignty, especially to Japan.The screen then switches to a detailed map showing the 1882 Treaty of Friendship between North Korea and the United States.The subtitle explains that this treaty marks the beginning of the gradual opening of the DPRK to the outside world and includes various provisions on diplomacy and trade aimed at protecting the security of the DPRK and promoting economic development.However, this openness has also brought about unequal treaties, especially in terms of most-favored-nation treatment and extraterritoriality, and the DPRK is at a disadvantage in its dealings with the West.The video then shows an expedition sent by the Joseon government in 1881 to Japan and the West to learn about advanced technologies and systems.The subtitle mentions that the mission, which included Park Jung Yang, Yu Yoon Jung, and Hong Young Sik, spent four months examining Japan's modern facilities, laws, and tax system in detail.The reports of these missions had a significant impact on the reform policy of the DPRK and gave impetus to its modernization process.The scene continues to switch to show a group of people marching down a line, they are followed by a group of soldiers and the marching group is led by a man holding a flag.The subtitle mentions that Heung Seon Daewongun's policy temporarily prevented foreign invasion, but the modernization of Korea was delayed.The solemn expressions and determined pace of the marchers demonstrated their unity and determination in a time of national crisis.The video screen then switches to a world map with a red dot marking the Korean Peninsula, and the caption mentions that by the 19th century, Britain had become the first country in the world to import large quantities of tea and silk from the Qing Dynasty.As trade continued to grow, Britain's trade deficit grew so large that it had to produce opium from its Indian colonies and sell it to the Qing Dynasty.This narrative reveals the serious impact of the opium trade on the economy and society of the Qing Dynasty and sets the stage for subsequent historical events.Next, the scene shifts to a darkened room where a man dressed in traditional Korean clothing appears to be hastily organizing papers.The subtitle mentions that after the return and surrender, the Korean Government established a correctional institution, i.e., the Korean Government then established the Correctional Institution to implement internal reforms and the Peasant Army.The Peasant Army established peasant self-governing organizations in 53 counties in Jeolla Province and promoted abolitionist reforms.Penalties for indulgence and playfulness are imposed under 12 provisions of the Reform Act through the establishment of organized enforcement agencies.Measures such as tax reform and affirmative action have been implemented to ameliorate social injustice and enhance national governance.It then shows a group of people discussing in front of a map, who appear to be analyzing the situation in and around the Korean Peninsula.The subtitle mentions that the Joseon government signed a prior agreement with the Donghak Peasant Army to promote independent reforms.The Korean government, which signed the agreement, promised to withdraw the Qing and Japanese troops in order to establish a correctional facility.However, Japan wanted to ensure its hegemony in Korea and therefore sent troops to Korea.Japan not only refused to withdraw its troops, but also demanded that the Qing Dynasty work with it to reform Korea's internal affairs.In 1894, the Japanese occupied Gyeongbokgung Palace by force and the pro-Japanese reformist regime established itself in Seoul.The scene continues to switch, showing a group of people dressed in traditional Korean clothing discussing a map hanging on the wall behind them.The caption mentions that after the outbreak of the war, the Japanese army fought the Battle of Seonggwan, the Battle of Pyongyang, and the Battle of the West Sea, which resulted in major victories.The Japanese then attacked the interior of Qinghai, all the way to the interior of Qinghai.On March 18, 1895, Japan occupied Shimonoseki and won the Sino-Japanese War.At the end, the video footage switches to a group of people dressed in traditional hanboks standing in a line that appears to be a parade.The subtitle mentions that the peasant movement failed because the peasant class was located at the center of the feudal order.Although it was a national movement centered on a peasant army, the building of the modern state lacked a concrete plan.Although the peasant armies did not put forward specific proposals for the realization of statehood, their anti-feudal and anti-foreign power struggles actively fought against foreign invasions and accelerated the collapse of the regime.The sons and daughters of the peasant army were encouraged to join the militia or to join civic groups to continue the national movement.Throughout the video, the diplomatic situation and internal reforms on the Korean Peninsula at the end of the 19th century are depicted in detail through rich graphics and subtitles.The DPRK government, faced with external pressure and internal contradictions, took a series of measures to try to modernize the country by opening its doors and accepting Western science and technology.However, these efforts have also led, to some extent, to an unequal status and internal unrest in the country.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.[01:20:00->01:30:00] The scene of the video switches to a room filled with tension, where a group of men dressed in traditional hanboks are seated around a table, seemingly engaged in a serious discussion.Their expressions were stony, and the discussion appeared urgent.Through the subtitles, we learn that in August 1905, Japan and Britain joined forces to form the Second Coalition to curb Russian expansion.Britain recognized Japan's sovereignty over Korea in exchange for Japan's control over Korea.The move marks the formalization of the DPRK as a Japanese protectorate.The screen then switches to a detailed map showing the signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth between Japan and Russia in Portsmouth in September 1905, ending the Russo-Japanese War.The subtitle explains that under the treaty, Japan gained superior political, military, and economic interests in Korea, while Russia recognized Japan's control in Korea.The signing of this treaty marked the international recognition of Japan's dominance on the Korean peninsula.The video then shows a dark room with a clock hanging on the wall and a man sitting in a chair in the corner, seemingly reading a book.The subtitle mentions that in November 1905, Japan threatened Emperor Gojong and representatives of the Korean court to force them to sign the Japan-Korea Protection Treaty.Under the treaty, Japan deprived Korea of diplomatic rights and appointed Ito Hirobumi as the first governor of Korea, further consolidating its control over the country.The scene continues to switch to show a group of people dressed in traditional Hanboks marching down a line, holding up flags with serious expressions.The subtitle mentions that Japan set up the Ministry of Intelligence to monitor the internal affairs of the DPRK and interfere deeply in the political and social affairs of the DPRK.The administrative power of the Korean government was controlled by Japan and it became a de facto Japanese protectorate.Next, the scene shows a man standing behind a stage giving a speech, wearing a traditional Korean costume with the Korean flag in the background.The subtitle mentions that Japan deprived the DPRK of its diplomatic rights through the Japan-Korea Protection Treaty and required the Government of the DPRK to obtain Japan's prior approval for the signing of any international treaty and the making of international commitments.This shows that the DPRK has completely lost its autonomy in international affairs.The scene then switches to a group of people protesting in the street, holding up signs and shouting slogans to express their dissatisfaction with Japanese control.The subtitle mentions that the Japanese intervention and the indifference of the Western powers did not bring any change despite the Korean people's utmost resistance.Japan forced Emperor Gaozong to abdicate and made the Crown Prince submit to its rule.The video continues to show the anger and discontent of the North Korean people.The subtitle mentions that in 1907, the DPRK dispatched special envoys Ri Sang-sol and Ri Woo-jong to The Hague, the Netherlands, to attend the World Peace Conference and appealed for the support of the international community to restore the diplomatic rights of the DPRK.However, this effort ultimately failed, as Japan's obstruction and the indifference of the Western powers left the DPRK's demands unanswered.Finally, the scene switches to a group of people raising their hands in the air and chanting in what appears to be a protest or demonstration.The subtitle mentions that the resentment and dissatisfaction of the Korean people reached its peak during this period.They denounced Japanese rule and wanted to restore the country's independence and freedom.In spite of all the difficulties, the people of the DPRK remained steadfast in their struggle, expressing their desire for freedom and dignity.Throughout the video, the diplomatic situation and internal revolts on the Korean Peninsula between 1905 and 1907 are depicted in detail through rich graphics and subtitles.Japan gradually took control of Korea and deprived it of its sovereignty and diplomatic rights through a series of treaties and military operations.Although the Korean people's revolt failed to change the course of history, their spirit of resistance sowed the seeds for the later independence movement.This history is important for understanding modern Korean history.

Question: Why was the American warship coming for commerce destroyed in the video?

Choices:
A. In 1866, the U.S. warship USS Jenard Sherman attempted to conduct commerce in Joseon, but was rejected and attacked, and eventually burned down. This incident marked the beginning of the tension and conflict between Joseon and external forces.
B. In 1866, the U.S. warship USS Jenard Sherman was accidentally sunk by friendly fire during a joint military exercise with British forces in the Yellow Sea.
C. In 1866, the U.S. warship USS Jenard Sherman was destroyed by a natural storm while attempting to establish trade relations with Japan, leading to diplomatic tensions.
D. In 1866, the U.S. warship USS Jenard Sherman was ambushed by pirates in the South China Sea while on a mission to protect American merchants, resulting in its destruction.

Answer: A

In 1866, the U.S. warship USS Jenard Sherman attempted to conduct commerce in Joseon, but was rejected and attacked, and eventually burned down. This incident marked the beginning of the tension and conflict between Joseon and external forces.

After the incident of the USS Jenard-Shemen, the United States made another attempt to exert pressure through the Opelt Incident, which led to the resentment of the DPRK authorities and the intensification of its foreign policy. This incident deepened the DPRK's distrust and resistance to Western powers. [00:08:40->00:09:11]

In 1871, the United States used the incident of the USS Jenal Sherman as an excuse to demand compensation and sign a treaty of commerce with the DPRK. Despite the refusal of the Joseon authorities, U.S. warships continued to carry out military attacks on the DPRK, resulting in serious damage. [00:09:11->00:11:29]

Although the policy of Heungsuon Daewongun temporarily resisted foreign invasion, it also slowed down the modernization process of Joseon. In contrast to the Meiji Restoration in Japan, Korea was relatively passive and slow in responding to external pressures. [00:11:29->00:16:09]

Question: Video about why the reforms of Shinsuen Daewongun were successful?

Choices:
A. Shinsuen Daewongun's reforms were centered around decentralizing the government, granting more autonomy to regional leaders, which ultimately weakened the central authority of the king.
B. The success of Shinsuen Daewongun's reforms was due to his emphasis on cultural revival, promoting traditional arts and literature while ignoring the need for political and military restructuring.
C. Shinsuen Daewongun focused primarily on expanding trade routes and fostering economic alliances with neighboring countries, neglecting internal political reforms and military enhancements.
D. Hyungseon Daewongun implemented a series of reform measures to cope with external pressures and internal turmoil throughout the history of Joseon. He attempted to stabilize the country and enhance the power of the king by reorganizing the political system, strengthening the military, and addressing livelihood issues.

Answer: D

Hyungseon Daewongun implemented a series of reform measures to cope with external pressures and internal turmoil throughout the history of Joseon. He attempted to stabilize the country and enhance the power of the king by reorganizing the political system, strengthening the military, and addressing livelihood issues.

The reforms of Hyeongseon Daewongun focused on the reconstruction of the political system by weakening the centers of power and restoring the functions of the parliamentary government and the military ministry, thereby separating executive and military powers to enhance the effectiveness and transparency of the government. [00:00:00->00:02:05]

In order to deal with the threat of external aggression, Xingxuan Daoyuanjun has strengthened the construction of the navy and upgraded the training level of the army to ensure that it can effectively resist the intrusion of the western powers and safeguard the security and sovereignty of the country. [00:02:05->00:03:38]

Hyeongseon Daewongun took a number of measures to address livelihood issues, including reforming the tax system and improving agricultural policies. He stabilized society and promoted economic development by promoting land reform and reducing the burden on farmers. [00:03:38->00:08:04]

Question: How many effects did the signing of the Ganghwa Island Treaty have on North Korea?

Choices:
A. There were six impacts
B. There were three impacts
C. There was no impact
D. Not mentioned in the video

Answer: B

The first impact The Ganghwa Island Treaty was the first modern treaty between Korea and Japan, and although it ostensibly recognized Korea's independence, it actually limited its national sovereignty. The content of the treaty sparked debate and opposition to its legitimacy both within Korea and internationally. [00:16:09->00:20:21]

The second effect was that after the signing of the Ganghwa Island Treaty, the DPRK further established diplomatic relations with the United States by signing the DPRK-U.S. Treaty of Friendship and Commerce. This treaty not only maintained North Korea's economic interests, but also paved the way for its subsequent exchanges with other Western countries. [00:20:21->00:22:03]

The third effect was that Joseon was under constant pressure in its diplomacy with Japan and China, especially after the signing of the Qing Dynasty Merchant Trade Treaty, which led to greater outside interference in Joseon's internal affairs and economy, leading to hardship and rebellion among merchants at home. [00:22:03->00:40:33]

Question: The video shows the North Korean Enlightened Sect divided into two factions who will eventually be rehired?

Choices:
A. The conservative Enlightenment Sect was reemployed because of its rejection of all foreign influences.
B. The radical Enlightenment Sect was rehired due to its strict adherence to traditional Confucian principles.
C. The moderate Enlightenment Sect was reused as the mainstream because of its combination of Western and Confucian ideas.
D. The progressive Enlightenment Sect was reinstated for its exclusive focus on Western modernization.

Answer: C

The moderate Enlightenment Sect was reused as the mainstream because of its combination of Western and Confucian ideas.

At the end of the 19th century, the Enlightenment Faction in Korea grew in political power and pushed for a modernization policy. Despite divisions within the Enlightenment Faction, it eventually split into Moderates and Radicals, with both sides playing a game between acceptance of western technology and traditional values. [00:24:14->00:25:46]

The Moderate Enlightenment Sect advocated the acceptance of Western technology while maintaining Confucian values. They had a negative attitude towards the reform of traditional political and social systems, but were actively involved in the Enlightenment movement under the Minjung regime. [00:25:46->00:26:03]

Radical enlightenmentists such as Kim Ok-kyun and Park Young-hyo criticized the Qing Dynasty's interference in internal affairs and advocated imitation of Japan's Meiji Restoration. The radicals emphasized the active acceptance of Western material civilization and political culture in order to promote the modernization of the country. [00:26:03->00:26:29]

In 1880, the Joseon government set up the Tongri Ki-moon to coordinate the policy of enlightenment and sent overseas study tours to learn the advanced technology of the West. This series of initiatives laid the foundation for the modernization of Joseon. [00:26:29->00:32:18]

Question: In what ways did the Gwangmu reforms in the video have an impact on the impact on the Korean Empire?

Choices:
A. The key impacts were seen in infrastructure, healthcare, and culture.
B. The three areas include politics, economics, and education.
C. The changes affected diplomacy, technology, and social welfare.
D. The reforms primarily influenced military strategy, agriculture, and trade.

Answer: B

The three areas include politics, economics, and education.

The first aspect of the political aspects of the Gwangmu reforms emphasized the strengthening of imperial power and suppressed independent associations pursuing constitutionalism. This suppression made the reform of the political system limited and failed to achieve true popular participation. [01:13:19->01:15:36]

Second aspect In the economic sphere, the Gwangmu reforms sought to improve the country's financial situation by establishing a modern monetary system and promoting industrialization. However, the implementation of these policies was hampered by corruption and external interference. [01:15:36->01:16:03]

The third area of reform in education included the establishment of vocational schools and the dispatch of foreign students, with the aim of producing the human resources needed for modern industry. However, these efforts failed to produce significant results due to the lack of systematic support and the importance that the state placed on education. [01:16:03->01:20:44]

Question: What would have been the end of the video if Japan had still made unequal treaties to Korea over and over again?

Choices:
A. Korea would unify under a single democratic government.
B. North Korea will rise up and eventually start a bigger war.
C. South Korea would strengthen its alliance with the United States for protection.
D. Japan would face international sanctions from the United Nations.

Answer: B

North Korea will rise up and eventually start a bigger war.

In 1876, Joseon signed the unequal Ganghwa Island Treaty with Japan, which marked the beginning of Joseon's transition to modernization. The treaty established Japanese influence over Joseon and limited Joseon's autonomy, leading to subsequent economic conflict and diplomatic crises. [00:16:09->00:24:14]

In 1882, an incident of military rebellion with a Japanese backdrop occurred in Joseon, known as the Rimo Military Rebellion. This event exacerbated Joseon's internal and external woes, leading to further Qing intervention in Joseon and strong Japanese involvement, which influenced the political direction of Joseon. [00:32:18->00:40:22]

After Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War, it established its right to protect Korea through the Gassara-Teffet Secret Treaty. This process not only affected Korea's diplomatic rights, but also led to a significant increase in Japan's influence in East Asia. [01:20:44->01:27:58]

Question: Why has the Single Issue Order Independent Association had a huge impact on North Korea?

Choices:
A. Independent associations focused solely on economic reforms without addressing social or political issues, resulting in limited impact on North Korean society.
B. The single-issue order reinforced traditional hierarchies and strengthened the authority of the ruling class, leading to widespread acceptance and stability in North Korea.
C. The single-issue order was primarily aimed at military modernization, which diverted resources from social programs and weakened the influence of independent associations.
D. The implementation of the single-issue order had a great impact on the Korean society and led to resistance from all classes. Especially through the activities of independent associations, a strong force demanding self-rights and modernization and reforms gradually emerged.

Answer: D

The implementation of the single-issue order had a great impact on the Korean society and led to resistance from all classes. Especially through the activities of independent associations, a strong force demanding self-rights and modernization and reforms gradually emerged.

After the implementation of the One-Shot Order, students and peasants united to launch the Yi-Wei Volunteer Movement, which demonstrated the public's desire for change. This movement reflected the general sentiment of dissatisfaction with the politics of the time at all levels of society. [01:04:34->01:06:44]

The establishment of the Independence Association marked the beginning of the active participation of intellectuals of the DPRK in political activities to promote the idea of national autonomy and civil rights. By organizing various lectures and rallies, they strive to raise the political awareness of the people. [01:06:44->01:08:39]

The activities of the independent associations not only promoted the guarantee of basic national rights but also the establishment of a parliamentary system. Although suppressed by the government, their ideas had a profound impact on the subsequent patriotic movement. [01:08:39->01:20:44]

Question: What is the main story told in the video?

Choices:
A. The video examines the economic transformations in Korea during the late Joseon period, particularly the impact of trade with Western powers. It discusses the introduction of new technologies, the growth of urban centers, and the challenges faced by rural communities.
B. The video focuses on the cultural renaissance of Korea during the late 19th century, highlighting the flourishing of literature, art, and philosophy. It explores how Korean intellectuals responded to Western influences and sought to preserve traditional values while embracing modernity.
C. From Heung Seon Daewongun to the merger of Japan and Korea, the video details the major events of modern Korean history. Western powers began to invade Korea after Japan opened its doors, leading to a crisis felt by the Korean government and people. During his reign, Heungseon Daewongun implemented a series of reforms to restore royal power and stabilize people's livelihoods, but his policies also sparked social discontent and revolt. As external pressure increased, Joseon eventually signed the Treaty of Yessi in 1905 and lost its diplomatic power until it was annexed and colonized by Japan in 1910.
D. The video chronicles the rise of Korean nationalism in the early 20th century, emphasizing the role of student movements and underground resistance groups. It details their efforts to mobilize the populace against Japanese colonial rule and their strategies for achieving independence.

Answer: C

From Heung Seon Daewongun to the merger of Japan and Korea, the video details the major events of modern Korean history. Western powers began to invade Korea after Japan opened its doors, leading to a crisis felt by the Korean government and people. During his reign, Heungseon Daewongun implemented a series of reforms to restore royal power and stabilize people's livelihoods, but his policies also sparked social discontent and revolt. As external pressure increased, Joseon eventually signed the Treaty of Yessi in 1905 and lost its diplomatic power until it was annexed and colonized by Japan in 1910.


The video depicts a story about the intersection of war and personal emotions in a series of sequential clips.The story opens with images showing a car driving through a rural landscape that seems to symbolize the beginning of a journey.The passengers in the car were wearing red shirts and looked to be enjoying the ride.The text at the top of the image repeats "I know nothing about you, I've been looking for you", suggesting a journey of search.The scene then switches to a golf course with people enjoying the sunshine and the sport as the subtitles continue to emphasize the theme of looking.Next, a large greenhouse is shown, which seems to symbolize a peaceful and beautiful place, and the subtitle mentions "I've been looking for you all my life," further reinforcing the theme of searching.Next, the scene shows a car driving through a new housing development, the caption mentions "Daddy's finally home, come open the door," and the scene switches to a young woman standing in front of a window, seemingly waiting for something.A family scene then appears, with the mother reading to the child, who listens attentively as the caption continues to repeat "Daddy's home at last, come and open the door, Daddy's home, open the door."The scene gradually shifts to a man and woman embracing and they look very happy and in love.The subtitle mentions "I'm Dobrograd, move in here," as if inviting someone to join them.Next, the scene shows a group of people riding bicycles in a park, enjoying the outdoors, as the caption repeats "I'm Dobrograd, move in here."The video then turns to historical events, specifically the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914, an event that became the trigger for the First World War.The screen shows black and white photographs and historical documents detailing the background and impact of the murder.The commentator in the video explains the complex relationship between the countries, especially the tensions between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Serbia and Russia.The video further explores the causes of World War I, including Germany's need for colonial expansion, Austria-Hungary's desire for control of the Balkans, and Russia's support of its Slavic brethren.The images show soldiers marching and battlefield scenes, emphasizing the brutality of war.Finally, the video returns to the personal story, with images showing a man on a bicycle that seems to symbolize freedom and hope.The video ends with a man and woman embracing, and the subtitles mention "I'm Dobrograd, move in here," re-emphasizing the theme of family and love.Through a series of sequential clips, the entire video skillfully combines personal emotions with historical events to tell a story of search and return, while revealing the complex context of the First World War.[00:10:00->00:20:00] The video shows a man in a black jacket sitting in a room facing the camera in an in-depth discussion.His discourse is filled with insightful analyses of historical events, especially the complex relationships and diplomacy among nations on the eve of World War I.He began by mentioning that by bringing countries to the negotiating table, Russia had reached certain agreements, but the result of those agreements was the rise of Serbia.Serbia gradually became a rallying point for the Slavic peoples, which caused resentment in Austria-Hungary, which wanted to have complete control of the Balkans unchallenged.Germany, for its part, did everything possible to help Austria-Hungary achieve this goal.Next, he turned to French diplomatic strategy.In addition to fighting over colonies, France was in conflict with other countries.He mentioned France's desire to recover the lost land of Issa-Sa-Lorraine, an important French territory abroad.Britain also played an important role during this period, promising various benefits to countries through brilliant diplomacy, trying to turn everyone against everyone else.He describes in detail the major battlefields and diplomatic activities of the war, especially the fighting on the Western and Eastern Fronts.He explained that due to time constraints, it was not possible to go into detail about the war in Africa and the Middle East in one installment, but would provide more details in his blog and Telegram channel.He encourages viewers to subscribe to these channels for more information about historical events.He then mentioned the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand and the origin of the name of the modern band "Franz Ferdinand".He explained that Austria-Hungary had issued an extremely harsh ultimatum to Serbia, which had accepted almost all of the conditions but rejected the last one, which served as a pretext for going to war.He went on to tell of the correspondence between nations, especially between Nicholas II and the Kaiser.Nicholas II tried to avoid war through diplomacy after Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, but the Germans were supportive of Serbia's actions.In his letter, Nicholas II expressed his desire for peace and asked the Kaiser to help mediate, but the Kaiser's reply showed that he was unable to persuade Austria to change her position.Eventually, the correspondence between the two countries ended on August 1, and Nicholas II had to order the mobilization of the army in response to a possible threat of war.He emphasized that Nicholas II clearly did not want a war, but was forced by circumstances to act.Throughout the video, detailed analysis and narration demonstrate the complex relationships and tensions between nations on the eve of World War I and the efforts of leaders to avert war.[00:20:00->00:30:00] The video shows a man in a black jacket sitting in a room facing the camera in an in-depth discussion.His words are filled with insightful analyses of historical events, especially the complex relationships and diplomacy between nations on the eve of World War I.The simple background of the image, with just a book and a candle on a table, creates an atmosphere of seriousness and concentration.He began by mentioning that on August 1, all communications ended because all those communications stopped on July 31st.He explained that on July 31, Russia was mobilized, which signaled that the situation had reached a point of no return.He then described in detail Germany's declaration of war against the Russian Empire on August 1, in a tone that revealed a sense of helplessness and heaviness.The scene then switches to a group of people in hats standing in a line who seem to be waiting for something or someone.This seems to be a historic scene, perhaps from the past.The men continue the narrative, mentioning the reaction of the Russian people to the war.He said that when the Czar declared war, the patriotic fervor of the people was incredibly high.The image shows a group of people in formal attire gathered in a square that appears to be holding some sort of ceremony, which further emphasizes the unity and support of the community.Next, the scene shows a group of men in military uniforms marching, and the men go on to explain that the community is absolutely united in its belief that its Serbian brothers are being treated unjustly and that it must stand up for them.He emphasized that even though Russia never threatened Germany, the Germans declared war on them.He mentions the renaming of St. Petersburg to Petrograd to get rid of the association with the German language.The screen then shows a black and white map showing the German plan of attack.The men explained that the Germans had developed the Schlein Plan, which planned to attack France from both sides, first through Alsace and Lorraine to reach Paris, and a second attack through Belgium.He noted that the Germans thought the war would be over in 3-4 months, and even joked that the course of the war would be "lunch in Paris and dinner in St. Petersburg."The scene returns to the man sitting at the table as he continues to talk about the French plan, "Plan 17," for another attack on Germany, with the main battle to be fought in the Alsace-Lorraine region.He emphasized that when the war began, all the powers joined the fray, with Germany declaring war on France and invading Belgium on August 4, and Britain eventually declaring war on Germany as well.The scene then shows a group of soldiers on a battlefield and the man mentions Japan's entry into the war.He said that the Japanese believed that the Allies were stronger on both fronts and that the Germans would probably not win the war.As a result, Japan declared itself an ally of the Allied Powers and occupied German colonies in China, especially Tsingtao.He also mentioned that New Zealand and Australia also took over German colonies in the Pacific.Finally, the scene shows a map of the battlefield, and the men conclude that, despite the miraculous French victory at the Marne, by the end of the year both the Western and Eastern fronts were mired in terrible trench warfare.On the Eastern Front, the Russian army had some victories, but also suffered great losses.He mentions that Austria-Hungary also fared very poorly in the Balkans, while the Ottoman Empire was drawn into the conflict on the Caucasus front.Through detailed analysis and narration, the entire video shows the complex relationships and tensions between countries on the eve of World War I and the early days of the war.The men's words are filled with reverence for history and concern for the future, giving the audience a deep sense of the complexity and brutality of this war.[00:30:00->00:40:00] The video shows a man in a black jacket sitting at a table, facing the camera, looking serious.He seems to be discussing some important topic in a simple background with only a book and a candle on the table, creating an atmosphere of concentration.His words are filled with insightful analyses of historical events, especially the role of propaganda during World War I, which he explores in detail.He begins by mentioning that when the Russian Empire went to war with the Ottoman Empire, the war could be seen as a conflict between different cultural races.However, when the Germans were at war with the French and British, the conflict was more culturally antagonistic.He emphasized that those conflicts had led to thousands, if not millions, of sacrifices, which had to be explained to the population through sensitization.He then discusses the importance of propaganda in war.He pointed out that the propaganda department was rapidly struggling from the beginning of the war, but that British propaganda was at its highest level.They succeeded in dehumanizing the enemy in the war by portraying the Germans as beasts and barbarians.This type of propaganda was later borrowed and applied by Goebbels in World War II.He gave examples of German atrocities during the war, such as stories of the destruction of the Reims Cathedral and the corpse factory in Koblenz, which were widely disseminated through newspapers and leaflets.He also referred to specific cases of propaganda, such as British newspaper reports on the crucifixion of Canadian soldiers, which had greatly inflamed popular anger and patriotic feelings.He then describes specific British tactics in war propaganda, including mass printing of leaflets and scattering them by balloon over German positions.These leaflets not only spread stories about German atrocities, but also attempted to shake the morale of the German army.The Germans responded to these leaflets by even announcing a reward for the capture of enemy propaganda material, but this in turn led to more soldiers reading these leaflets, furthering their knowledge and suspicion of the enemy.He went on to mention that the Austro-Hungarian and Austro-Hungarian Empires used similar means of propaganda, including the establishment of military press headquarters and the dispatch of artists to paint propaganda posters.The paintings were made into posters and phonograph records that were disseminated to the front lines to motivate soldiers.Finally, he discussed Russia's efforts at propaganda.Although Russian propaganda was relatively unsophisticated, they portrayed the enemy through leaflets and caricatures.For example, the Turks were portrayed as fleeing from the brave Russian Cossacks, and the Germans were portrayed as fools unable to fight Austria-Hungary.These means of publicity, though simple, have also served as a morale booster to a certain extent.Through detailed analysis and narration, the entire video demonstrates the propaganda strategies of various countries during World War I, emphasizing the importance and impact of propaganda in war.The men's words are filled with reverence for history and concern for the future, giving the audience a deep sense of the complexity and brutality of this war.[00:40:00->00:50:00] The video shows a man in a black jacket sitting in a room, facing the camera, surrounded by a simple, focused environment, with a book and a candle on a table.The men's words are filled with insightful analyses of historical events, especially the propaganda tactics and military actions of the nations during World War I, which are explored in detail.He began by referring to Turkey's propaganda strategy.The Turkish government succeeded in portraying the war as a holy war between believers and infidels through leaflets, pamphlets, and preaching by the clergy.This means of propaganda was particularly effective in areas with high illiteracy rates and greatly stimulated the religious fervor of the population and its hatred of the infidels.In 1915, as the war continued, people gradually realized the long and brutal nature of this war and began to wake up to the fact that it was impossible to end the war in the short term.The man then describes in detail the technological changes that took place at the beginning of the war.He mentioned that the advent of the machine gun revolutionized the shape of the battlefield, and that one machine gun could easily sweep down hundreds of people.The trenches became fortified positions for both sides, armed with artillery and machine guns, making frontal attacks almost fruitless.The man's tone reveals a helplessness and heaviness that emphasizes the brutality of war and the ruthlessness of technology.The scene switches to a group of uniformed soldiers standing in a line, ready to fight in what appears to be a historic re-enactment.The men go on to recount that the Germans first used chlorine gas on April 22, 1915, a gas attack that resulted in 15,000 casualties, including 5,000 deaths, on Allied positions.This incident marked a new and more brutal phase of war, where there were no moral boundaries and any means could be used to kill.The screen then shows a black-and-white photo of a destroyed city, with rubble and debris scattered all around and not a single person or animal visible, as if it were a post-apocalyptic scene.Men mentioned that gas masks became vital at the front, and the Allies quickly adapted to the situation and began distributing them on May 3rd.This adaptation allowed the Allies to counter German gas attacks, but at the cost of huge human casualties.The men go on to relate that April 22 to May 25, 1915 was a quiet period on the Western Front, but the ensuing Battle of Ypres brought huge casualties.In September 1915, the Allied offensive stalled again, and both sides suffered heavy losses in trench warfare, with 200,000 Allied casualties and 140,000 German losses.The man's tone was filled with reflections on the brutality of war and worries about the future.At the end of the video, the man describes the battle on the Eastern Front in detail.Germany and Austria-Hungary won major victories on the Eastern Front, and the Russian army suffered heavy losses and was forced to retreat.On May 5, 1915, the Allied Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary) began the Great Retreat, with Austria-Hungary recapturing almost all the territory it had lost the day before.The men emphasized that the fighting on the Eastern Front had made the political situation inside Russia even more critical, the army was demoralized, and Bolshevik propaganda began to spread through the domestic army, further shaking the Russian regime.Through men's insightful analyses and detailed narratives, the entire video demonstrates the propaganda strategies and military actions of various countries during World War I, emphasizing the complexity and brutality of the war.The men's words are filled with reverence for history and concern for the future, giving the audience a deep sense of the complexity and brutality of this war.[00:50:00->01:00:00] The video shows a man in a black jacket sitting at a table, facing the camera, looking serious.The books and candles on the table create an atmosphere of concentration and seriousness.His words are filled with insightful analyses of historical events, particularly an examination of Italy's entry into the war and the Armenian massacres during the First World War.He began by mentioning that Italy is at the beginning of the greatest upheaval in the history of the world.Italy was originally allied with Austria-Hungary, but through secret British diplomacy, Italy eventually joined the Entente.Britain dragged Italy into the war by promising and repaying large loans, which were not repaid until 1975.He emphasized that Italy's entry had a major impact on the war effort, even though Italy was not a strong fighter.The screen then switches to a black-and-white portrait showing a man in a dress and towel, which appears to be an old photograph.He explained that the two main instigators of the war were the future fascist dictator Mussolini and the literary scholar Gabrielle da Anusova.They believed that Italy should enter the war and actively promoted this view.The video then shows a man in a black jacket continuing to talk about Italy's participation in the war.On May 15, 1915, Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary and began a series of battles in Ion.These battles lasted for years, with the Italian army suffering constant losses, but progress was slow.At the Battle of the Prison, Italy lost 256,000 men and Austria-Hungary lost 135,000.The Italian army was almost incapacitated.The footage then shows a group of soldiers walking across the rocky ground, wearing uniforms and carrying weapons, apparently part of a military group.The men go on to recount that the French, British and Americans were very interested in opening this front because Italy's entry into the war would distract Austria-Hungary's forces and relieve the pressure on the Eastern Front.Next, the video shows another black-and-white photo of a group of soldiers standing on a train, ready to fight.Men mentioned that in the 40th battle in January 1915, the Russian army defeated the Ottoman Empire.The victory was a horrific story for the Armenians, as Armenian volunteers fought alongside the Russians, only to be accused of being traitors by the Turks after the war and subjected to mass deportations and massacres.Armenians tried to defend themselves, but mostly failed, with the exception of the "Vanska Uprising".In the video, the man details the tragic fate of Armenians and emphasizes the gravity of the Armenian Genocide.He mentioned that different data indicated that the number of Armenian deaths ranged from 600,000 to 1,500,000.These atrocities were condemned by the Allies after the war and were recognized as crimes against the Charter of the United Nations.Nevertheless, Turkey's failure to recognize the Armenian Genocide to this day has become one of the main stumbling blocks between Turkey and the United Nations.Throughout the video, the complexity and brutality of Italy's participation in the war and the Armenian massacres during World War I are demonstrated through the men's insightful analysis and detailed narration.The men's words are filled with reverence for history and concern for the future, giving the audience a deep sense of the complexity and brutality of this war.[01:00:00->01:10:00] The video shows a man in a black jacket sitting at a table, facing the camera, looking serious.The books and candles on the table create an atmosphere of concentration and seriousness.His discourse is filled with insightful analyses of historical events, particularly the military operations and economic impact during World War I, which are explored in detail.Men begin by mentioning that 1916 was the most disastrous year of the war.Six million people were killed on all fronts, not including the civilian population.He said that millions of people were injured, the economy dried up, and by November, Germany made a peace offer to the Allied Powers.He emphasized that Germany was making a non-annexation peace proposal and wanted the territorial disputes to stop, because at this point no one had the strength to continue fighting.The men then describe in detail life on the front lines and in the rear.He said soldiers on the front lines were experiencing fear and despair on a daily basis, while the economic situation on the home front was on the verge of collapse.He mentioned that both British, French and Russian soldiers were very poorly fed, and that the best food they had was a meager ration.French soldiers also had cheese and wine in the trenches, while British soldiers had whisky, but Russian soldiers faced Prohibition and did not have the famous Narkomov whisky.He goes on to recount that the sanitation at the front was extremely poor, with lice, rats and horrible trenches making life even more difficult for the soldiers.He said they were shocked when they captured the German trenches and found them equipped with anti-aircraft trenches and bathrooms.The men then mentioned the propaganda tactics used in the war.Propaganda agencies told people about the crucified Canadians, he said, but when the wounded and coffins began arriving in Paris, London, Berlin and Moscow, people began to realize the brutality of the war.In St. Petersburg in particular, he said, casualties on the front lines have been so heavy that they have led to unrest in the country.He mentioned that the wives and daughters of many noblemen acted as Sisters of Charity and formed a women's battalion known on the front lines.He said that while patriotism at the front was very high in the early and middle stages of the war, as the war continued people began to talk of retreat and to suspect German spies and the incompetence of the Tsar.The men also describe life in the backcountry.Theaters and cabarets in St. Petersburg and Moscow are still operating despite economic woes that have prevented many restaurants from staying open, he said.People continue to enjoy cultural life, he said, but the collapse of the economy and shortages of goods have made that enjoyment increasingly difficult.He goes on to recount that in 1916, the British fleet completely isolated the French in the North Sea, but Spain and Portugal supplied the French army.He said that the German submarine fleet was very effective at sea, but the Germans did not have an advantage at sea.He mentioned that the sinking in 1915 by the German submarine fleet of the liner Lusitania, a sister ship to the Titanic, which resulted in the deaths of a large number of civilian passengers, was one of the major reasons for the U.S. entry into the war.Finally, the men mention that the Germans began bombing London in 1916 using zeppelins.He said that these huge airships flew over London unnoticed and bombed buildings near St. Paul's Cathedral, causing little damage but great psychological damage.He explained that in order to shoot down these airships, the British invented special ripping bullets and searchlights, which eventually succeeded in shooting them down.Throughout the video, the complexity and brutality of World War I in 1916 is demonstrated through the men's insightful analyses and detailed narratives, giving the viewer a deep sense of the war's impact on both the front lines and the home front.The men's words are filled with reverence for history and concern for the future, enabling the audience to better understand the full scope of this war.[01:10:00->01:20:00] The video shows a man in a black jacket sitting in a modest room facing the camera with a book and a candle on the table, creating an atmosphere of concentration and seriousness.His discourse is filled with insightful analyses of historical events, especially the military actions and political implications of the final stages of World War I.The men begin by mentioning that in 1918, the fighting on the Eastern Front was subsiding amidst the revolution in Russia, while the Germans on the Western Front were beginning to run out of reserves.After several battles, he said, the German reserves were almost depleted and the enemy's offensive began to weaken.While the Nivelle offensive in April and May resulted in 340,000 Allied losses, the Germans also lost 160,000 men and were forced to retreat to the pre-prepared Hindenburg Line.The Germans hoped to gain the upper hand by dominating in trench warfare, but France began to experience military disturbances and soldiers were unwilling to continue fighting.The man then mentions French author Louis Ferdinando Schilling's Journey to the Edge of Night, an account of the brutality of war and the illusions of patriotic fervor.Schilling returned from the war as a disabled writer, and in his book he describes how the war began, how people were driven by patriotic fervor, only to end up in a bloody massacre.The men go on to tell that at the end of 1917, the front line was still in bloody chaos, but the entry of the United States into the war changed the situation.The U.S. was sending 7,000 men a day to the front, and the sheer volume of men and equipment quickly broke the German spine.In 1918, the fighting on the Eastern Front came to a complete end after the February and October Revolutions in Russia, and Lenin signed the Brest-Lithuania Peace Treaty, which stabilized the front and withdrew Romania from the war.The Germans then launched a final offensive that lasted from March 21 to July 18, but ultimately failed to change the tide of battle.In October, the Italians defeated the remnants of the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the Battle of Piave, and on October 30, the Ottoman Empire withdrew from the war, and on November 3, Austria-Hungary also declared its surrender.The war officially ended on November 11 when Germany signed its surrender in a military wagon in the forest of Compiègne, France.The man concludes that World War I resulted in a redivision of the world, with the collapse of the four empires and the loss of all of Germany's colonies, which were divided among the victorious side.New countries became independent, such as Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland and Czechoslovakia.Britain and France gained new spheres of influence in the Middle East and Africa, while the United States rose to become a world power.Finally, men refer to the Treaty of Versailles of June 28, 1919, in which Germany was required to pay huge reparations and limit its military power.He said the treaty not only marked the end of the war, but also heralded future turmoil and new conflicts.The entire video demonstrates the complexity and brutality of the final stages of World War I through the men's insightful analyses and detailed narratives, giving the viewer a deep sense of the immense impact of the war.The men's words are filled with reverence for history and concern for the future, enabling the audience to better understand the full scope of this war.

Question: What the video is about

Choices:
A. The video discusses the Treaty of Versailles, which officially ended World War I. The treaty imposed heavy reparations on Germany, redrew European borders, and established the League of Nations. It also led to significant political and economic instability in Germany, contributing to the rise of Adolf Hitler and the onset of World War II.
B. The video focuses on the Russian Revolution of 1917, which led to the overthrow of the Tsarist autocracy and the rise of the Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin. This revolution marked the beginning of the Soviet Union and had profound implications for global politics, including the spread of communism and the Cold War.
C. A high-profile murder was committed in Sarajevo. Gavrilo Princip murdered Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife. This event became the start and beginning of World War I. World War I was one of the deadliest events in history, resulting in the deaths of nearly 9 million people in combat and over 5 million civilians. World War I was characterized by the first use of chemical weapons and gas masks, the first tanks, machine-gun aircraft, prolonged trench warfare, the horrific Armenian Genocide, and enormous human casualties.
D. The video explores the causes and consequences of the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918, which infected one-third of the world's population and resulted in an estimated 50 million deaths. The pandemic had significant social and economic impacts, including labor shortages and changes in public health policies.

Answer: C

A high-profile murder was committed in Sarajevo. Gavrilo Princip murdered Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife. This event became the start and beginning of World War I. World War I was one of the deadliest events in history, resulting in the deaths of nearly 9 million people in combat and over 5 million civilians. World War I was characterized by the first use of chemical weapons and gas masks, the first tanks, machine-gun aircraft, prolonged trench warfare, the horrific Armenian Genocide, and enormous human casualties.

Question: How many topics does the video explore?

Choices:
A. Four themes were covered
B. Five topics were examined
C. Six topics were explored
D. Seven subjects were discussed

Answer: C

Causes of the outbreak of World War I [00:00:00->00:05:20]

Position of the Second Russian Empire [00:06:55->00:11:46]

Reasons for Third Russia's entry into the war [00:36:29->00:44:20]

Life of a soldier during World War IV I [01:00:39->01:02:04]

Fifth civilian perspective on war [01:02:04->01:05:23]

How World War VI had an impact on the world landscape [01:14:12->01:19:27]

Question: The video describes how many countries declared war in WWI?

Choices:
A. There were four declarations of war.
B. There were five declarations of war.
C. There were eight declarations of war.
D. There were six declarations of war.

Answer: D

First Germany declares war on France [00:22:16->00:22:21]

Second British Declaration of War [00:22:21->00:22:27]

Third Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia [00:22:27->00:22:23]

Fourth France declares war on Austria-Hungary [00:22:23->00:22:39]

Fifth Austria-Hungary declares war on Belgium [00:22:39->00:22:43]

Sixth Japan declares war on Germany [00:22:43->00:22:48]

Question: Why Russia's Great Retreat

Choices:
A. World War I breaks out, Russia fights Austria-Hungary and has to retreat due to ammunition shortages
B. World War I commences, Russia engages with France and retreats owing to internal political strife
C. World War I erupts, Russia battles Ottoman forces and retreats because of supply line disruptions
D. World War I begins, Russia faces Germany and retreats due to strategic miscalculations

Answer: A

World War I breaks out, Russia fights Austria-Hungary and has to retreat due to ammunition shortages

Assassination of Ferdinand [00:11:46->00:12:58]

Shortage of ammunition for the Russian army [00:44:20->00:46:05]

The Great Russian Retreat [00:46:05->00:47:46]

Question: What would have happened if Ferdinand hadn't been assassinated?

Choices:
A. The assassination was a minor incident that would have been resolved diplomatically, preventing the outbreak of WWI entirely
B. Without the assassination, tensions would have subsided, leading to a prolonged period of peace and economic cooperation in Europe
C. The situation had evolved to the point where war was necessary to solve the problem, so even if Ferdinand hadn't been assassinated WWI would still have broken out and countries would still have been involved in the war
D. The assassination triggered a chain reaction of alliances, but without it, the conflict would have been limited to regional skirmishes rather than a global war

Answer: C

The situation had evolved to the point where war was necessary to solve the problem, so even if Ferdinand hadn't been assassinated WWI would still have broken out and countries would still have been involved in the war

Germany has drawn up detailed plans for the war [00:21:19->00:22:17]

If Ferdinand hadn't been assassinated, war would have broken out because of the inevitable.

Question: What Italy's entry into the Entente signaled

Choices:
A. It highlighted the strategic importance of Italy in balancing the Eastern and Western fronts.
B. It was a sign that the Allies were at a disadvantage and ultimately lost the war.
C. It demonstrated the Entente's growing diplomatic influence over neutral nations.
D. It marked a decisive shift in military power that ensured the Allies' victory.

Answer: B

It was a sign that the Allies were at a disadvantage and ultimately lost the war.

Italy joins the Entente [00:50:29->52:01]

Allied breakthrough at Brusilov [00:57:41->01:00:39]

The Allies surrendered and lost the war.

Question: The blogger is talking about the economy and what the role of socio-emotional background music is

Choices:
A. Emphasizes the role of music in fostering unity and resilience in economic downturns
B. Highlights the economic benefits of music in boosting productivity during wartime
C. Expresses the blogger's sympathy for people in a time of war and his distaste for it
D. Illustrates how music distracts from the harsh realities of economic instability

Answer: C

Expresses the blogger's sympathy for people in a time of war and his distaste for it

The blogger said that the socio-economic situation was extremely bad [01:00:39->01:00:58].

Food and supply shortages for soldiers [01:00:58->01:01:20]

Sad music expresses the blogger's sympathy for the people of the time [01:01:20->01:01:40]

Music expresses the blogger's distaste for war [01:01:40->01:05:23]